International Journal of Stem Cells

Korean Society for Stem Cell Research (한국줄기세포학회)
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Lung Organoid on a Chip: A New Ensemble Model for Preclinical Studies

  • Hyung-Jun Kim (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Sohyun Park (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital) ;
  • Seonghyeon Jeong (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jihoon Kim (Department of Medical and Biological Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea) ;
  • Young-Jae Cho (Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital)
  • Received : 2023.06.15
  • Accepted : 2023.09.08
  • Published : 2024.02.28
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Abstract

The lung is a complex organ comprising a branched airway that connects the large airway and millions of terminal gas-exchange units. Traditional pulmonary biomedical research by using cell line model system have limitations such as lack of cellular heterogeneity, animal models also have limitations including ethical concern, race-to-race variations, and physiological differences found in vivo. Organoids and on-a-chip models offer viable solutions for these issues. Organoids are three-dimensional, self-organized construct composed of numerous cells derived from stem cells cultured with growth factors required for the maintenance of stem cells. On-a-chip models are biomimetic microsystems which are able to customize to use microfluidic systems to simulate blood flow in blood channels or vacuum to simulate human breathing. This review summarizes the key components and previous biomedical studies conducted on lung organoids and lung-on-a-chip models, and introduces potential future applications. Considering the importance and benefits of these model systems, we believe that the system will offer better platform to biomedical researchers on pulmonary diseases, such as emerging viral infection, progressive fibrotic pulmonary diseases, or primary or metastatic lung cancer.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This paper was supported by the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital research fund (No. 02-2021-0007) and the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (2021K1A4A7A02097757).

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