Clinical Endoscopy

The Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (대한소화기내시경학회)
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The role of needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy in the diagnosis of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors

  • Masanori Yamada (Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Kazuo Hara (Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Nobumasa Mizuno (Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Shin Haba (Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Takamichi Kuwahara (Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Nozomi Okuno (Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Yasuhiro Kuraishi (Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Takafumi Yanaidani (Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Sho Ishikawa (Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Tsukasa Yasuda (Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Toshitaka Fukui (Department of Gastroenterology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital)
  • Received : 2023.03.01
  • Accepted : 2023.04.19
  • Published : 2024.05.30
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Abstract

Background/Aims: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) is a highly accurate method for diagnosing pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs); however, some PNETs are difficult to diagnose. Recently, the efficacy of needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy (nCLE) in diagnosing solid pancreatic masses has been reported. However, the efficacy of nCLE in the diagnosis of PNETs remains unknown and only a small number of cases have been reported. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of nCLE in the diagnosis of PNETs. Methods: This single-center retrospective study evaluated 30 consecutive patients with suspected PNETs on contrast-enhanced computed tomography, who consented to nCLE combined with EUS-FNA and were diagnosed using EUS-FNA or surgical resection. The diagnostic criteria for PNETs using nCLE were based on the nesting and trabecular and glandular arrangement of tumor cell clusters surrounded by capillary vessels and fibrosis, as reported in previous studies. Results: The diagnosis using nCLE was classified into three categories: misdiagnosis in three cases (10%), non-diagnostic in six cases (20%), and diagnostic in 21 cases (70%). nCLE was able to diagnose PNET in one of the two cases with inconclusive EUS-FNA. Conclusions: Although further development of the resolution and optimization of the diagnostic criteria are required, nCLE may constitute a useful diagnostic option in cases of inconclusive EUS-FNA for PNETs.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors thank all patients who participated in this study and the investigators involved.

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