Clinical Endoscopy

The Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (대한소화기내시경학회)
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Impact of a simple non-invasive nasal mask device on intraprocedural hypoxemia in overweight individuals undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy with sedation provided by a non-anesthesiologist provider

  • Jan Drews (Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Interventional Endoscopy, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek) ;
  • Jonas Harder (Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Interventional Endoscopy, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek) ;
  • Hannah Kaiser (Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Interventional Endoscopy, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek) ;
  • Miriam Soenarjo (Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Interventional Endoscopy, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek) ;
  • Dorothee Spahlinger (Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Interventional Endoscopy, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek) ;
  • Peter Wohlmuth (Semmelweis University of Medicine, Asklepios Campus Hamburg) ;
  • Sebastian Wirtz (Semmelweis University of Medicine, Asklepios Campus Hamburg) ;
  • Ralf Eberhardt (Semmelweis University of Medicine, Asklepios Campus Hamburg) ;
  • Florian Bornitz (Semmelweis University of Medicine, Asklepios Campus Hamburg) ;
  • Torsten Bunde (Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Interventional Endoscopy, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek) ;
  • Thomas von Hahn (Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Interventional Endoscopy, Asklepios Hospital Barmbek)
  • Received : 2022.12.12
  • Accepted : 2023.02.06
  • Published : 2024.03.30
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Abstract

Background/Aims: Hypoxemia is a common side effect of propofol sedation during endoscopy. Applying mild positive airway pressure (PAP) using a nasal mask may offer a simple way to reduce such events and optimize the conditions for diagnostic and therapeutic upper gastrointestinal endoscopies. Methods: We compared overweight patients (body mass index >25 kg/m2) with a nasal PAP mask or standard nasal cannula undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopies by non-anesthesiologists who provided propofol sedation. Outcome parameters included the frequency and severity of hypoxemic episodes. Results: We analyzed 102 procedures in 51 patients with nasal PAP masks and 51 controls. Episodes of hypoxemia (oxygen saturation [SpO2] <90% at any time during sedation) occurred in 25 (49.0%) controls compared to 8 (15.7%) patients with nasal PAP masks (p<0.001). Severe hypoxemia (SpO2 <80%) occurred in three individuals (5.9%) in both groups. The mean delta between baseline SpO2 and the lowest SpO2 recorded was significantly decreased among patients with nasal PAP mask compared to controls (3.7 and 8.2 percentage points difference, respectively). There were significantly fewer airway interventions performed in the nasal PAP mask group (15.7% vs. 41.2%, p=0.008). Conclusions: Using a nasal PAP mask may be a simple means of increasing patient safety and ease of examination.

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References

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