The korean journal of orthodontics (대한치과교정학회지)

The Korean Association Of Orthodontists (대한치과교정학회)
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Prevalence of malocclusions and parafunctional habits in pediatric patients with developmental dyslexia

  • Federica Guglielmi (Institute of Dental Clinic, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation) ;
  • Anna Alessandri-Bonetti (Institute of Dental Clinic, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation) ;
  • Geraldine Gemelli (Institute of Dental Clinic, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation) ;
  • Linda Sangalli (College of Dental Medicine, Midwestern University) ;
  • Patrizia Gallenzi (Institute of Dental Clinic, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, IRCCS A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation)
  • Received : 2024.01.04
  • Accepted : 2024.04.18
  • Published : 2024.07.25
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Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental malocclusion, orthodontic parameters, and parafunctional habits in children with developmental dyslexia (DD). Methods: Forty pediatric patients (67.5% boys and 32.5% girls, mean age: 11.02 ± 2.53 years, range: 6-15 years) with DD were compared with 40 age- and sex-matched healthy participants for prevalence of dental malocclusion, orthodontic parameters, and parafunctional habits. Dental examinations were performed by an orthodontist. Results: Pediatric patients with DD exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of Angle Class III malocclusion (22.5% vs. 5.0%, P = 0.024), deep bite (27.5% vs. 7.5%, P = 0.019), midline deviation (55.0% vs. 7.5%, P < 0.0001), midline diastemas (32.5% vs. 7.5%, P = 0.010), wear facets (92.5% vs. 15.0%, P < 0.0001), self-reported nocturnal teeth grinding (82.5% vs. 7.5%, P < 0.0001), nail biting (35.0% vs. 0.0%, P < 0.0001), and atypical swallowing (85.0% vs. 17.5%, P < 0.0001) compared to that in healthy controls. Conclusions: Pediatric patients with DD showed a higher prevalence of Class III malocclusion, greater orthodontic vertical and transverse discrepancies, and incidence of parafunctional activities. Clinicians and dentists should be aware of the vulnerability of children with dyslexia for exhibiting malocclusion and encourage early assessment and multidisciplinary intervention.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

Universita Cattolica del Sacro Cuore contributed to the funding of this research project and its publication 2023.

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