Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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The Metabolic Functional Feature of Gut Microbiota in Mongolian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

  • Yanchao Liu (Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University) ;
  • Hui Pang (Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Chronic Diseases, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University) ;
  • Na Li (Laboratory for Molecular Epidemiology in Chronic Diseases, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University) ;
  • Yang Jiao (College of Continuing Education (IMAU Branch of Educational and Training Center for Central Agricultural Cadre), Inner Mongolia Agricultural University) ;
  • Zexu Zhang (Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University) ;
  • Qin Zhu (Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Inner Mongolia Medical University)
  • Received : 2024.02.14
  • Accepted : 2024.04.10
  • Published : 2024.06.28
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Abstract

The accumulating evidence substantiates the indispensable role of gut microbiota in modulating the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Uncovering the intricacies of the mechanism is imperative in aiding disease control efforts. Revealing key bacterial species, their metabolites and/or metabolic pathways from the vast array of gut microorganisms can significantly contribute to precise treatment of the disease. With a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes in Inner Mongolia, China, we recruited volunteers from among the Mongolian population to investigate the relationship between gut microbiota and the disease. Fecal samples were collected from the Volunteers of Mongolia with Type 2 Diabetes group and a Control group, and detected by metagenomic analysis and untargeted metabolomics analysis. The findings suggest that Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla are the predominant gut microorganisms that exert significant influence on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in the Mongolian population. In the disease group, despite an increase in the quantity of most gut microbial metabolic enzymes, there was a concomitant weakening of gut metabolic function, suggesting that the gut microbiota may be in a compensatory state during the disease stage. β-Tocotrienol may serve as a pivotal gut metabolite produced by gut microorganisms and a potential biomarker for type 2 diabetes. The metabolic biosynthesis pathways of ubiquinone and other terpenoid quinones could be the crucial mechanism through which the gut microbiota regulates type 2 diabetes. Additionally, certain Clostridium gut species may play a pivotal role in the progression of the disease.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

We express our gratitude to all participants who contributed to the study, and extend our appreciation to Wuhan Metware Biotechnology Co., Ltd. for their invaluable assistance in sample detection. This study was founded by Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Natural Science Fund (2023QN08024), "Science and Technology Million Project" of Inner Mongolia Medical University (YKD2020KJBW005) and Inner Mongolia Medical University Education and Teaching Reform Project (NYJXGG2022146).

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