DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Combined Effects of Acidification, Zeolite, and Biochar on Ammonia Emission and Nitrate Leaching from Pig Slurry

  • Sang-Hyun Park (Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Muchamad Muchlas (Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Tae-Hwan Kim (Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Bok-Rye Lee (Department of Animal Science, Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Science, Chonnam National University)
  • Received : 2024.06.21
  • Accepted : 2024.06.27
  • Published : 2024.06.30

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of combining acidification with adsorbents (zeolite and biochar) to mitigate the environmental impacts of pig slurry, focusing on ammonia (NH3) emission and nitrate (NO3-) leaching. The four treatments were applied: 1) pig slurry (PS) alone as a control, 2) acidified PS (AP), 3) acidified pig slurry with zeolite (APZ), and 4) acidified pig slurry with biochar (APB). The AP mitigates NH3 emission and NO3- leaching compared to PS alone. Acidification reduced the cumulative NH3 emission and its emission factor by 35.9% and 12.5%, respectively. The APZ and APB increased NH4+-N concentration, with the highest level in APB, compared to AP. The NH4+ adsorption capacity of APB (0.90 mg g-1) was higher than that of APZ (0.63 mg g-1). The APB and APZ treatments induced less NH3 emission compared to AP. The cumulative NH3 emission was reduced by 12.2% and 27.6% in APZ and APB, respectively, compared to AP treatment. NO3- leaching began to appear on days 12 and 13, and its peak reached on days 16 and 17, which were later than AP. The cumulative NO3- leaching decreased by 17.7% and 25.0% in APZ and APB, respectively, compared to AP treatment. These results suggest that combining biochar or zeolite with acidified pig slurry is an effective method to mitigate NH3 emission and NO3- leaching, with biochar being particularly effective.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of the Republic of Korea (grant number NRF-2022R1C1C2011575).

References

  1. Banik, C., Bakshi, S., Andersen, D.S., Laired, D.A., Smith, R.G. and Brown, R.C. 2023. The role of biochar and zeolite in enhancing nitrogen and phosphorous recovery: A sustainable manure management technology. Chemical Engineering Journal. 456:141003.
  2. Bernal, M.P. and Lopez-Real, J.M. 1993. Natural zeolite and sepiolite as ammonium and ammonia adsorption materials. Bioresource Technology. 43:27-33. https://doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(93)90078-P
  3. Bremner, J.M. 1996. Nitrogen-total. In: Sparks, D.L., Page, A.L., Helmke, P.A., Loeppert, R.H., Soltanpour, P.N., Tabatabai, M.A., Johnston, C.T., Sumner, M.E. (Eds.), Methods of soil analysis. Part 3: chemical methods. SSSA book series 5. SSSA and ASA, Madison. pp. 1085-1121.
  4. Cataldo, E., Salvi, L., Paoli, F., Fucile, M., Masciandaro, G., Manzi, D., Masini, C.M. and Mattii, G.B. 2021. Application of zeolites in agriculture and other potential uses: A review. Agronomy. 11:1547.
  5. Chen, G.Y., Dong, J.Z., Wu, P., Yang, G. and Meng, J. 2024. Effects of different acidifiers on the conversion and loss of nitrogen from pig slurry during long-term storage. Environmental Technology & Innovation. 34:103539.
  6. El bied, O., Turbi, M.A.T., Garcia-Valero, A., Cano, A.F. and Acosta, J.A. 2023. Mitigating ammonia, methane, and carbon dioxide emissions from stored pig slurry using chemical and biological additives. Water. 15:4185.
  7. Fahad, S., Hussan, S., Saud, S., Hassan, S., Tanveer, M., Ihsan, M.Z., Shah, A.N., Ullah, A. et al. 2016. A combined application of biochar and phosphorus alleviates heat-induced adversities on physiological, agronomical and quality attributes of rice. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 103:191-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.001
  8. Fangueiro, D., Pereira, J., Bichana, A., Surgy, S., Cabral, F. and Coutinho, J. 2015. Effects of cattle-slurry treatment by acidification and separation on nitrogen dynamics and global warming potential after surface application to an acidic soil. Journal of Environmental Management. 162:1-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.07.032
  9. Ferretti, G., Keiblinger, K.M., Zimmermann, M., Giuseppe, D.D., Faccini, B., Colombani, N., Mentler, A., Zechmeister-Boltenstern, S., et al. 2017. High resolution short-term investigation of soil CO2, N2O, NOx and NH3 emissions after different chabazite zeolite amendments. Applied Soil Ecology. 119:138-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2017.06.004
  10. Kai, P., Pedersen, P., Jensen, J.E., Hansen, M.N. and Sommer, S.G. 2008. A whole-farm assessment of the efficacy of slurry acidification in reducing ammonia emission. European Journal of Agronomy. 28:148-154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2007.06.004
  11. Kim, T.H. and Kim, B.H. 1996. Ammonia microdiffusion and colorimetric method for determining nitrogen in plant tissues. Journal of the Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science. 16:253-259.
  12. Kizito, S., Wu, S., Kipkemoi Kirui, W., Lei, M., Lu, Q., Bah, H. and Dong, R. 2015. Evaluation of slow pyrolyzed wood and rice husks biochar for adsorption of ammonium nitrogen from piggery manure anaerobic digestate slurry. Science of the Total Environment. 505:102-112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.09.096
  13. Lassaletaa, L., Billen, G. Garnier, J., Bouwman, L., Velazquez, E., Mueller, N.D. and Gerber, J.S. 2016. Nitrogen use in the global food system: Past trends and future trajectories of agronomic performance, pollution, trade, and dietary demand. Environmental Research Letters. 11:095007.
  14. Lee, S.B., Park, S.H., Lee, B.R. and Kim, T.H. 2022. Acidification and biochar effect on ammonia emission and nitrogen use efficiency of pig slurry in the vegetative growth of maize (Zea mays L.). Journal of the Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science. 42(1):47-53. https://doi.org/10.5333/KGFS.2022.42.1.47
  15. Lu, R. 2000. Soil agricultural chemical analysis methods. China Agricultural Science and Technology Press, Beijing.
  16. Major, J., Rondon, M., Molina, D., Riha, S.J. and Lehmann, J. 2012. Nutrient leaching in a colombian savanna oxisol amended with biochar. Journal of Environmental Quality. 41:1076-1086. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2011.0128
  17. Meiirkhanuly, Z., Koziel, J.A., Chen, B., Bialowiec, A., Lee, M., Wi, J., Banik, C. Brown, R.C. and Bakshi S. 2020. Mitigation of gaseous emissions from swine manure with the surficial application of biochars. Atmosphere. 11:1179.
  18. Ndegwa, P.M., Vaddella, V.K., Hristov, A.N. and Joo, H.S. 2009. Measuring concentration of ammonia in ambient air or exhaust air steam using acid traps. Journal of Environmental Quality. 38:647-653. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2008.0211
  19. Overmeyer, V., Kube, A., Clemens, J., Buscher, W. and Trimborn, M. 2021. One-time acidification of Slurry: what is the most effective acid and treatment strategy?. Agronomy. 11:1319.
  20. Park, S.H., Lee, B.R., Jung, K.H. and Kim, T.H. Acidification of pig slurry effects on ammonia and nitrous oxide emissions, nitrate leaching, and perennial ryegrass regrowth as estimated by 15N-urea flux. Asian-Australasian Journal of the Animal Science. 31:457-466.
  21. Park, S.H., Choi, A.R. Kim, T.H. and Lee, B.R. 2024. Zeolite application mitigates NH3 and N2O emissions from pig slurry-applied field and improves nitrogen use efficiency in Italian ryegrass- maize crop rotation system for forage production. Journal of Environmental Management. 357:120775.
  22. Phoung, N.V., Hoang, N.K., Luan, L.V. and Tan, L.V. 2021. Evaluation of NH4+ adsorption capacity in water of coffee husk-derived biochar at different pyrolysis temperatures. International Journal of Agronomy. 2021:1463814.
  23. Regeuiro, I., Gomez-Munoz, B., Lubeck, M., Hjorth, M. and Stoumann Jensen L. 2022. Bio-acidification of animal slurry: Efficiency, stability and the mechanisms involved. Bioresource Technology Reports. 19:101135.
  24. Sangeetha, C. and Baskar, P., 2016. Zeolite and its potential uses in agriculture: A critical review. Agricultural Reviews. 37:101-108. https://doi.org/10.18805/ar.v0iof.9627
  25. Toth, E., Dencso, M., Horel, A., Pirko, B. and Bakacsi, Z. 2022. Influence of pig slurry application techniques on soil CO2, N2O, and NH3 emissions. Sustainability. 14(17):11107.
  26. Waldrip, H.M., Todd, R.W. and Cole, N.A. 2015. Can surface-applied zeolite reduce ammonia losses from feedyard manure? A laboratory study. Transactions of the ASABE. 58:137-145.
  27. Wang, Q., Awasthi, M.K., Ren, X., Zhao, J., Li, R., Wang, Z., Chen, H., Wang, M. and Zhang, Z. 2017. Comparison of biochar, zeolite and their mixture amendment for aiding organic matter transformation and nitrogen conservation during pig manure composting. Bioresource Technology. 2445:300-308. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.158