Childhood Kidney Diseases

Korean Society of Pediatric Nephrology (대한소아신장학회)
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Management of hydronephrosis: a comprehensive review in pediatric urology perspective

  • Sang Woon Kim (Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2024.05.23
  • Accepted : 2024.06.14
  • Published : 2024.06.30
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Abstract

Hydronephrosis, characterized by dilation of the renal pelvis and calyces due to urine flow obstruction, poses a significant clinical challenge. Although often asymptomatic and capable of spontaneous resolution, surgical intervention is necessary for specific scenarios such as febrile urinary tract infections, deteriorating hydronephrosis, or declining renal function. The efficacy of continuous antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing urinary tract infections remains controversial. Yet, it may benefit high-risk patients, emphasizing the importance of individualized patient selection, as surgical treatment methods for patients with hydronephrosis have become less invasive than in previous decades. However, long-term follow-up outcomes are lacking, necessitating further clarification. This review presents an overview of the etiology, natural progression, and modern management of hydronephrosis, encompassing advancements in minimally invasive procedures.

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References

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