Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
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Analysis of The Human Thermal Environment in Jeju's Public Parking Lots in Summer and Suggestion for Its Modification

제주시 공영 주차장 내 여름철 인간 열환경 분석 및 저감 방안 제안

  • Choi, Yuri (Graduate School of Horticultural Science, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University ) ;
  • Park, Sookuk (Lab. of Landscape Architecture, Department of Horticultural Science, College of Applied Life Sciences, Jeju National University)
  • 최유리 (제주대학교 생명자원과학대학 원예학과 대학원) ;
  • 박수국 (제주대학교 생명자원과학대학 생물산업학부 원예환경전공 조경학연구실)
  • Received : 2024.03.19
  • Accepted : 2024.04.09
  • Published : 2024.06.30
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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the summer human thermal environment in Jeju City's outdoor parking lots by measuring microclimate data and comparing pavement and vegetation albedoes and elements through computer simulations. In measured cases, results due to albedo showed no significance, but there was a significant difference between sunny and shaded areas by trees. The sunny area had a PET (physiological equivalent temperature) in the 'very hot' level, while the shaded area exhibited a 2-step lower 'warm' level. UTCI (universal thermal climate index) also showed that the sunny area was in the 'very strong heat stress' level, whereas the shaded area was 1-step lower in the 'strong heat stress' level, confirming the role of trees in reducing incoming solar radiant energy. Simulation results, using the measured albedoes, closely resembled the measured results. Regarding vegetation, scenarios with a wide canopy, high leaf density, and narrow planting spacing were effective in mitigating the human thermal environment, and the differences due to tree height varied across scenarios. The scenario with the lowest PET value was H9W9L3D8 (tree height 9m, canopy width 9m, leaf area index 3.0, planting spacing 8m), indicating a 0.7-step decrease compared to the current landscaping scenario. Thus, it was confirmed that, among landscaping elements, trees have a significant impact on the summer human thermal environment compared to ground pavement.

본 연구는 구성 요소가 다른 제주시 주차장 6곳에서 실측한 미기후 자료와 포장 알베도·수목 요소를 달리한 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 통해 여름철 인간 열환경을 분석하고 저감 방안을 제안하는 데 목적을 둔다. 실측한 경우, 알베도로 인한 결과는 유의성이 없었으나 양지와 음지의 차이는 유의성을 보였다. 양지는 PET가 '매우 더움' 단계였으나, 음지는 2단계 낮은 '따뜻함' 단계로 나타났고, UTCI 역시 양지가 '매우 강한 열 스트레스' 단계인 반면 음지는 1단계 낮은 '강한 열 스트레스' 단계를 보이며, 태양 복사에너지의 유입을 줄이는 교목의 역할을 확인할 수 있었다. 시뮬레이션 결과도 실측된 알베도 값을 사용했기 때문에 실측 결과와 유사하게 시나리오 간 차이는 크지 않았다. 수목의 경우, 수관폭이 넓고, 엽면적지수가 높으며, 식재 간격이 좁은 시나리오가 인간 열환경을 저감하는 데 효과적이었고, 수고에 따른 차이는 각 시나리오별 상이한 결과를 보였다. 가장 낮은 PET 값을 보인 시나리오는 H9W9L3D8(수고 9m, 수관폭 9m, 엽면적지수 3.0, 식재 간격 8m)로, 현재 조성된 시나리오와 비교했을 때 PET 0.7단계 하락한 것으로 나타났다. 이로써 조경 요소 중 바닥 포장보다는 교목이 여름철 인간 열환경에 주는 영향이 크다는 점을 확인할 수 있었다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 2024학년도 제주대학교 교육・연구 및 학생지도비 지원에 의해서 연구되었습니다.

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