Journal of Mushroom (한국버섯학회지)

The Korean Society of Mushroom Science (한국버섯학회)
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Selection and appropriate culture conditions of antagonistic bacterium Bacillus altitudinis HC7 against button mushroom cobweb disease caused by Cladobotryum mycophilum

양송이버섯 솜털곰팡이병균(Cladobotryum mycophilum)에 대한 길항미생물 Bacillus altitudinis HC7의 선발 및 적정 배양조건

  • Chan-Jung Lee (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Hye-Sung Park (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Seong-Yeon Jo (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Gi-Hong An (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Ja-Yun Kim (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science) ;
  • Kang-Hyo Lee (Mushroom Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science)
  • 이찬중 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 박혜성 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 조성연 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 안기홍 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 김자윤 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 버섯과) ;
  • 이강효 (농촌진흥청 국립원예특작과학원 버섯과)
  • Received : 2024.05.21
  • Accepted : 2024.06.20
  • Published : 2024.06.30
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Abstract

This study was conducted to selection and investigate appropriate conditions for mass production of antagonistic microbes to control cobweb disease caused by Cladobotryum mycophilum. A grampositive bacterium was isolated from spent substrate of Agaricus bisporus and showed significant antagonistic activity against Cladobotryum mycophilum. The bacterium was identified as Bacillus altitudinis. based on the cultural, biochemical and physiological characteristics, and 16S rRNA sequence. The isolate is saprophytic, but not parasitic nor pathogenic to cultivated mushroom whereas it showed strong inhibitory effects against C. mycophilum cells in vitro. The control efficacy of B. altitudinis HC7 against cobweb disease of C. mycophilum was up to 78.2% on Agaricus bisporus. The suppressive bacterium may be useful for the development of biocontrol system. To define the appropriate conditions for the mass production of the Bacillus altitudinis HC7, we have investigated appropriate culture conditions and effects of various nutrient source on the bacterial growth. The appropriate initial pH and temperature were determined as pH 6.0 and 30℃, respectively. The appropriate concentration of medium elements for the growth of pathogen inhibitor bacterium(Bacillus altitudinis HC7) was determined as follows: 3.0% soluble startch, 10% soytone, 1.0% (NH4)2HPO4, 1.0 mmol KCl, and 0.5% L-asparagine.

Cladobotryum mycophilum에 의해 발생하는 솜털곰팡이병은 양송이버섯 재배에서 문제가 되는 대표적인 병해이다. 본 연구에서는 솜털곰팡이병의 생물학적 방제법에 이용할 수 있는 길항미생물의 항균활성과 선발된 길항미생물의 생물검정 및 적정배양 조건을 설정하였다. 재배중인 양송이버섯 배지에서 솜털곰팡이병 병원균을 강하게 억제하는 길항세균 HC7을 선발하였으며, 생리·생화학적 실험과 유전적 실험결과 HC7균주는 Bacillus altitudinis로 동정되었다. B. altitudinis HC7을 양송이버섯에 처리한 결과 78.2%의 방제효과를 보였다. 따라서 B. altitudinis HC7이 양송이버섯 솜털곰팡이병 방제를 위해 합성농약을 대체할 수 있는 친환경 방제제가 될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. HC7균주의 생장온도는 25~35℃, pH는 6.0 이상에서 왕성한 생장을 보였다. 대량배양을 위한 효율적인 영양원 선발을 위하여 기본배지에 탄소원 fructose 등 18종, 무기질소원 NH4Cl 등 6종, 유기질소원 peptone 등 6종 그리고 아미노산 asparagine 등 11종을 각각 1%씩 첨가하였고, 무기염류 13종을 첨가하여 각각에 대한 생장에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 또한 선발된 각각의 영양성분들에 대한 최적 농도를 조사하기 위하여 각각의 성분을 최소 0.1%에서 최대 4.0%까지 배지에 첨가하여 배양 후 생장정도를 조사하였다. 대량배양을 위한 생육 조건은 온도 30℃, pH 6, 탄소원 3% Soluble startch, 유기질소원 10% Soytone, 무기질소원 1% (NH4)2HPO4, 아미노산 0.5% Lasparagin 그리고 무기염류는 1.0 mmol KCl에서 왕성한 생장을 보였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 농촌진흥청 연구사업(PJ00692607)의 지원에 의해 수행한 연구결과입니다.

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