DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Case Study for Establishing City-level Waterfront Management Plan - Focusing on the New York City Comprehensive Waterfront Plan -

도시 단위 수변관리계획 수립을 위한 사례 연구 - New York City Comprehensive Waterfront Plan을 중심으로 -

  • Jiwoon Oh (Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Yeonju Kim (Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Seongyeong Lee (Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Hansol Mun (Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Pusan National University) ;
  • Juchul Jung (Department of Urban Planning and Engineering, Pusan National University)
  • Received : 2024.04.25
  • Accepted : 2024.06.24
  • Published : 2024.06.30

Abstract

Historically, humans settled in waterside areas that provided abundant resources and water resources. Afterwards, as industrialization progressed, the city's waterfront contributed to the development of the city through water resources, transportation, and maritime trade. In response to changes in industrial structure, over the past few decades, the city's waterfront has transitioned from an industrial and port-oriented function to a public space function. And from the perspective of urban regeneration, research and design on sustainable waterfront space development are being promoted around the world. However, areas near waterfronts are geographically vulnerable to the direct impact of natural disasters caused by climate change, such as sea levelrise and floods. Therefore, it is essential to establish a systematic management plan to ensure the safety of citizens and publicness. Since the 1990s, New York City in the United States has been establishing a city-level waterfront space management plan to ensure the public nature, safety, and equity of waterfront spaces. On the other hand, in South Korea, there is a lack of research on city-level waterfront management plans. Accordingly, this study sought to find implications and policy improvement measures for domestic waterfront space planning by examining the development process and major policies of New York City's waterfront comprehensive plan.

역사적으로 인류는 풍부한 자원과 식수를 제공할 수 있는 수변 공간에 정착하였고, 산업화가 진행되며 도시의 수변 공간은 농업 및 공업 용수의 제공, 교통 수단, 문물의 교역, 산업의 발달 등 도시 발전에 중요한 역할을 담당하였다. 산업 구조의 변화에 따라 지난 수십년간 도시의 수변 공간은 산업과 항만 위주의 기능에서 공공공간의 기능으로 전환되고 있으며, 도시재생의 관점에서 전세계적으로 지속가능한 수변공간 개발에 대한 연구와 설계가 활성화되고 있다. 하지만 수변 공간 인근 지역은 해수면 상승 및 폭우 등 기후변화 인한 자연 재해의 직접적인 영향을 받는 지리적 취약성을 지니고 있기 때문에 시민들의 안전과 공공성 확보를 위한 체계적인 관리 계획 수립이 필수적이다. 미국 뉴욕시는 1990년대부터 도시 단위의 수변공간 관리계획을 수립하고 수변공간의 공공성과 안전성, 형평성을 확보해나가고 있다. 반면, 국내에서는 도시 단위의 수변관리계획에 대한 연구가 부족한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 뉴욕시 수변종합계획이 발전되어 온 과정과 주요 정책들에 대해 고찰함으로써 국내 수변공간계획에 대한 시사점과 정책적 개선방안을 모색하고자 하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. Burda IM, Nyka L. 2023. Innovative urban blue space design in a changing climate: transition models in the Baltic Sea Region. Water, 15(15); 2826.
  2. Choi JH. Kim KY, Jang KC. 2009. A Study on the Characteristic of Urban Waterfront Projects in New York City - Focus on the cases of Lower Manhattan. Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design, 25(9); 241-248. [Korean Literature]
  3. Dal Cin F, Hooimeijer F, Matos Silva M. 2021. Planning the urban waterfront transformation, from infrastructures to public space design in a sea-level rise scenario: The european union prize for contemporary architecture case. Water, 13(2); 218.
  4. Fiack D, Cumberbatch J, Sutherland M, Zerphey N. 2021. Sustainable adaptation: Social equity and local climate adaptation planning in US cities. Cities, 115; 103235.
  5. Hong SJ, Kim SI. 2016. Policy case study for urban waterfront regeneration - Focused on Han River management foundation plan and London Thames gateway regeneration project -. Journal of Digital Convergence, 14(8); 479-485. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.14400/JDC.2016.14.8.479
  6. Kim HC, Lee HW, Ahn KH. 2013. Planning Characteristics and Spatial Strategies of Abroad Waterfront Developments by Scale Types of Regional, Urban, and Local levels - Focusing on Clyde Waterfront, Hafen City, Battery Park City. Journal of the Urban Design Institute of Korea Urban Design, 14(2); 81-98. [Korean Literature]
  7. Lee KJ. 2013. A Direction of Planning Public Design on the Harbour and Waterfront - A Case Study on HafenCity Hamburg and Cardiff Bay Wales. Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design, 29(2); 55-64. [Korean Literature]
  8. Lee KJ. 2015. A Direction of Waterfront Design in Boston Harbor for the Public. Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design, 31(2); 99-110. [Korean Literature]
  9. Na IS, Cinn EG. 2017. An Analysis on the Planning and Design of New York City Waterfront Comprehensive Plan Using the GIS - Focused on the Comprehensive Waterfront Plan in 1992 and 2011 -. Journal of KIBIM, 7(1); 9-17. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.13161/KIBIM.2017.7.1.009
  10. Storbjork S, Hjerpe M. 2021. Climate-proofing coastal cities: What is needed to go from envisioning to enacting multifunctional solutions for waterfront climate adaptation?. Ocean & Coastal Management, 210; 105732.
  11. Strange KF, March H, Satorras M. 2024. Incorporating climate justice into adaptation planning: The case of San Francisco. Cities, 144; 104627.
  12. Seo YK, Kwon YS. 2019. A Study of the Overseas Cases of Revitalization of Inland Waterfronts - Focused on Kinrin Lake in Japan, Lake Bled in Slovenia and Lake Hallstatt in Austria. Journal of the Urban Design Institute of Korea Urban Design, 20(2); 77-96. [Korean Literature] https://doi.org/10.38195/judik.2019.04.20.2.77
  13. Seoul. 2015. Seoul Riverfront Vision 2030
  14. NYCDP. 1992. Comprehensive Waterfront Plan
  15. NYCDP. 2011. Comprehensive Waterfront Plan
  16. NYCDP. 2021. Comprehensive Waterfront Plan
  17. https://www.nyc.gov/site/planning/zoning/districts-tools/waterfront-zoning.page
  18. https://www.nyc.gov/assets/planning/download/pdf/applicants/env-review/zcfr/01_feis.pdf