DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

A Study on the Application of NFT-Based Learn-and-Earn Models for Metaverse Vocational Training: Focused on AHP Analysis

메타버스 직업교육훈련을 위한 NFT 기반의 Learn-and-Earn 모델 적용 방안 연구: AHP 분석을 중심으로

  • Jiseob Park (Department of Future Technology, Korea University of Technology and Education) ;
  • Hun Kim (Department of Media & Social Informatics, Hanyang University ERICA)
  • 박지섭 (한국기술교육대학교 융합학과) ;
  • 김헌 (한양대학교 ERICA 정보사회미디어학과)
  • Received : 2024.05.10
  • Accepted : 2024.06.12
  • Published : 2024.06.30

Abstract

This study explored the application of the NFT-based Learn-and-Earn model in metaverse vocational education and training. Through expert interviews, Delphi analysis, and AHP analysis, the study evaluated considerations and importance of L&E model operation, NFT technology application, course history and certification management, teaching media copyright management, and platform-related issues. Based on the results, the study suggested the need for performance measurement, infrastructure establishment, institutional arrangement, and ethical issue response when utilizing the L&E model.

본 연구는 메타버스 직업교육훈련에서 NFT 기반 Learn-and-Earn 모델의 적용 방안을 탐색하였다. 전문가 인터뷰, 델파이 분석, AHP 분석을 통해 L&E 모델 운영, NFT 기술 적용, 수강 이력 및 과정 인증 관리, 교수 매체 저작권 관리, 플랫폼 관련 사항 등에 대한 고려 사항과 중요도를 평가하였다. 연구 결과를 바탕으로 L&E 모델 활용 시 성과 측정, 인프라 구축, 제도 정비, 윤리 이슈 대응 등의 필요성을 제언하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 대한민국 교육부와 한국연구재단의 지원과(NRF-2021S1A5A8065035), 한국기술교육대학교 고용직업능력개발센터 연구과제(2022-4: 메타버스 직업교육훈련을 위한 NFT 기반의 L&E 모델 적용 방안 연구)의 수행 결과를 토대로 작성되었음.

References

  1. M. S.-J. Gregory and J. M. Lodge, "Academic workload: The silent barrier to the implementation of technology-enhanced learning strategies in higher education," Distance Education, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 210-230, 2015.  https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2015.1055056
  2. E. Guustaaf, U. Rahardja, Q. Aini, H. W. Maharani, and N. A. Santoso, "Blockchain-based education project," Aptisi Transactions on Management, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 46-61, 2021. 
  3. H. Lin, S. Wan, W. Gan, J. Chen, and H.-C. Chao, "Metaverse in education: Vision, opportunities, and challenges," 2022 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data), pp. 2857-2866, 2022, doi: 10.1109/BigData55660.2022.10021004. 
  4. X. He, "The innovative development of chinese vocational education from the perspective of the metaverse," Journal of Education and Educational Research, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 8-12, 2022.  https://doi.org/10.54097/jeer.v1i2.3046
  5. H. Lee and H. Shim, "A study on the metaverse-based environments for future vocational education," Journal of Industrial Technology Research, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 57-72, 2022. 
  6. A. Ishizaka and A. Labib, "Review of the main developments in the analytic hierarchy process," Expert Systems with Applications, vol. 38, no. 11, pp. 14336-14345, 2011. 
  7. K. M. Kapp, The Gamification of Learning and Instruction: Game-based Methods and Strategies for Training and Education, John Wiley & Sons, 2012. 
  8. G. F. Khan, J. H. Moon, C. Rhee, and J. J. Rho, "E-government skills identification and development: Toward a staged-based user-centric approach for developing countries," Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems, vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 1-31, 2010.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2575.2009.00346.x
  9. P. Kherwa, Decentralized social media app on ethereum blockchain, n.d. 
  10. A. Klaeijsen, M. Vermeulen, and R. Martens, "Teachers' innovative behaviour: The importance of basic psychological need satisfaction, intrinsic motivation, and occupational self-efficacy," Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, vol. 62, no. 5, pp. 769-782, 2018.  https://doi.org/10.1080/00313831.2017.1306803
  11. R. A. A. Mochram, C. T. Makawowor, K. M. Tanujaya, J. V. Moniaga, and B. A. Jabar, "Systematic literature review: Blockchain security in nft ownership," 2022 International Conference on Electrical and Information Technology (IEIT). IEEE, pp. 302-306, 2022. 
  12. N. N. Kumar, R. S. Kumar, R. R. Basale, and M. Saffath, "Decentralized storage of educational assets using nfts and blockchain technology," 2022 4th International Conference on Smart Systems and Inventive Technology (ICSSIT), pp. 260-266, 2022, doi: 10.1109/ICSSIT53264.2022.9716362. 
  13. C. Okoli and S. D. Pawlowski, "The delphi method as a research tool: An example, design considerations and applications," Information & Management, vol. 42, no. 1, pp. 15-29, 2004.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2003.11.002
  14. R. M. Ryan and E. L. Deci, "Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation from a self-determination theory perspective: Definitions, theory, practices, and future directions," Contemporary Educational Psychology, vol. 61, pp. 101860, 2020. 
  15. S. K. Jagatheesaperumal, K. Ahmad, A. Al-Fuqaha, and J. Qadir, "Advancing education through extended reality and internet of everything enabled metaverses: Applications, challenges, and open issues," IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies, vol. 17, pp. 1120-1139, 2024, doi: 10.1109/TLT.2024.3358859. 
  16. S. M. Park and Y. G. Kim, "A metaverse: Taxonomy, components, applications, and open challenges," IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 4209-4251, 2022, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3140175. 
  17. M. J. Sa and S. Serpa, "Metaverse as a learning environment: Some considerations," Sustainability, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 2186, 2023. 
  18. T. L. Saaty, "The analytic hierarchy process: A new approach to deal with fuzziness in architecture," Architectural Science Review, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 64-69, 1982.  https://doi.org/10.1080/00038628.1982.9696499
  19. M. Sailer, J. U. Hense, S. K. Mayr, and H. Mandl, "How gamification motivates: An experimental study of the effects of specific game design elements on psychological need satisfaction," Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 69, pp. 371-380, 2017.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2016.12.033
  20. H. Serin, "The use of extrinsic and intrinsic motivations to enhance student achievement in educational settings," International Journal of Social Sciences & Educational Studies, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 191-194, 2018. 
  21. J. Wu, "Vocational education metaverse: Research status, existing problems, and development strategies," Journal of Education and Educational Research, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 292-297, 2024.  https://doi.org/10.54097/kjtaja48
  22. X. Zhang, Y. Chen, L. Hu, and Y. Wang, "The metaverse in education: Definition, framework, features, potential applications, challenges, and future research topics," Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 13, pp. 1016300, 2022.