Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society (대한족부족관절학회지)

Korean Foot & Ankle Society (대한족부족관절학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Relationship between Bony Alignment of Foot and Scoliosis in Children and Adolescent

소아 청소년기에서의 족부 지표와 척추측만증과의 관계

  • Jae Hwang Song (Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Woo Jin Shin (Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Sung Jun Moon (Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Jin Woong Yi (Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Tae Gyun Kim (Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Konyang University College of Medicine)
  • 송재황 (건양대학교 의과대학 건양대학교병원 정형외과학교실) ;
  • 신우진 (건양대학교 의과대학 건양대학교병원 정형외과학교실) ;
  • 문성준 (건양대학교 의과대학 건양대학교병원 정형외과학교실) ;
  • 이진웅 (건양대학교 의과대학 건양대학교병원 정형외과학교실) ;
  • 김태균 (건양대학교 의과대학 건양대학교병원 정형외과학교실)
  • Received : 2023.10.06
  • Accepted : 2024.05.03
  • Published : 2024.06.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: Foot alignment affects the overall balance and alignment of the body. This study examined the relationship between the foot parameters and scoliosis in children and adolescents through simple radiographs. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty-one outpatients under 15 years old from 2013 to 2022 were evaluated. Patients with an abnormal leg length discrepancy or pelvic tilt were screened. The patients included were divided into four groups. Each group was tested to determine if they had scoliosis. The foot anterior-posterior/lateral X-rays were selected for the foot parameters, and the EOS system was used for the spline and pelvis parameters. Results: A t-test of all groups showed no statistically significant difference as the p-value exceeded 0.05. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) comparing the Cobb's angle and foot parameters did not show a significant correlation. On the other hand, female and older patients had a higher Cobb's angle. Conclusion: No direct relationship was noted between scoliosis and the foot parameters that could be measured radiographically among children and adolescents. In addition, no correction between the Cobb's angle and foot parameters was found.

Keywords

References

  1. Menz HB, Morris ME, Lord SR. Foot and ankle characteristics associated with impaired balance and functional ability in older people. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2005;60:1546-52. doi: 10.1093/gerona/60.12.1546.
  2. Zafiropoulos G, Prasad KS, Kouboura T, Danis G. Flat foot and femoral anteversion in children--a prospective study. Foot (Edinb). 2009;19:50-4. doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2008.09.003.
  3. Muzafarovna KS. With scoliosis in children, changes in the morphological parameters of the foot. Res J Trauma Disabil Stud. 2022;1:17-23.
  4. Muzafarovna KS. Pathological changes of the foot in children with scoliosis. J Humanit Artif Intell. 2023;2:148-53.
  5. Puzovic V, Rotim K, Jurisic V, Samardzic M, Zivkovic B, Savic A, et al. The prevalence of spine deformities and flat feet among 10-12 year old children who train basketball--cross-sectional study. Coll Antropol. 2015;39:625-9.
  6. Muzaffarovna KS, Aleksandrovna XE, Jumayevich TS. Morphofunctional features of the feet in children with scoliosis, depending on their constitutional, gender and age characteristics. Turk Online J Qual Inq. 2021;12:9505-13.
  7. Krul M, van der Wouden JC, Schellevis FG, van Suijlekom-Smit LW, Koes BW.Foot problems in children presented to the family physician: a comparison between 1987 and 2001. Fam Pract. 2009;26:174-9. doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmp018.
  8. Parr A, Askin G.Paediatric scoliosis: update on assessment and treatment. Aust J Gen Pract. 2020;49:832-7. doi: 10.31128/AJGP-06-20-5477.
  9. Rehm J, Germann T, Akbar M, Pepke W, Kauczor HU, Weber MA, et al. 3D-modeling of the spine using EOS imaging system: inter-reader reproducibility and reliability. PLoS One. 2017;12:e0171258. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171258.
  10. Abrisham SMJ, Ardekani MRS, Mzarch MAB. Evaluation of the normal range of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis angles using EOS imaging. Maedica (Bucur). 2020;15:87-91. doi: 10.26574/maedica.2020.15.1.87.
  11. Mjaess G, Karam A, Labaki C, Karam M, Bakouny Z, Ghanimeh J, et al. What is the most reliable radiographic method to evaluate the longitudinal foot arch? Application in subjects with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2020;106:1263-8. doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2019.11.024.
  12. Park MS, Kwon SS, Lee SY, Lee KM, Kim TG, Chung CY. Spontaneous improvement of radiographic indices for idiopathic planovalgus with age. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2013;95:e193(1-8). doi: 10.2106/JBJS.M.00301.
  13. Al-Aubaidi Z, Lebel D, Oudjhane K, Zeller R. Three-dimensional imaging of the spine using the EOS system: is it reliable? A comparative study using computed tomography imaging. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2013;22:409-12. doi: 10.1097/BPB.0b013e328361ae5b.
  14. Kanto M, Maruo K, Tachibana T, Fukunishi S, Nishio S, Takeda Y, et al. Influence of spinopelvic alignment on pelvic tilt after total hip arthroplasty. Orthop Surg. 2019;11:438-42. doi: 10.1111/os.12469.
  15. Laeeque M, Nirmale VK, Diwan CV. Study of prevalence of tibial length inequality on both sides. Int J Recent Trends Sci Technol. 2013;5:161-3.
  16. Kim SB, Heo YM, Hwang CM, Kim TG, Hong JY, Won YG, et al.Reliability of the EOS imaging system for assessment of the spinal and pelvic alignment in the sagittal plane. Clin Orthop Surg. 2018;10:500-7. doi: 10.4055/cios.2018.10.4.500.
  17. Kim JH. Prevention and treatment of hallux valgus. J Korean Med Assoc. 2013;56:1017-22. doi: 10.5124/jkma.2013.56.11.1017.
  18. Kumar SJ, MacEwen GD. Torsional abnormalities in children's lower extremities. Orthop Clin North Am. 1982;13:629-39.
  19. Ganeb SS, Egaila SES, Younis AA, El-Aziz AMA, Hashaad NI. Prevalence of lower limb deformities among primary school students. Egypt Rheumatol Rehabil. 2021;48:34. doi: 10.1186/s43166-021-00082-1.
  20. Park J, Lee SG, Bae J, Lee JC. The correlation between calcaneal valgus angle and asymmetrical thoracic-lumbar rotation angles in patients with adolescent scoliosis. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015;27:3895-9. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.3895.
  21. Kim S, Uhm JY, Chae DH, Park Y. Low body mass index for early screening of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a comparison based on standardized body mass index classifications. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci). 2020;14:24-9. doi: 10.1016/j.anr.2019.12.003.