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Approaching a Waste Problem Through Art-Technology Convergence: Cases of Hundertwasser Incineration Plants in Austria and Japan

폐기물 문제에 대한 예술·기술 융합적 접근 : 오스트리아와 일본의 훈데르트바서 소각장 사례

  • Heejin Han (Division of Global & Interdisciplinary Studies, Pukyong National University)
  • 한희진 (국립부경대학교 글로벌자율전공학부)
  • Received : 2024.03.14
  • Accepted : 2024.04.20
  • Published : 2024.05.31

Abstract

Since the era of industrial revolution, the waste volume has continued to grow; waste management has thus become one of the major global environmental challenges facing humanities today. Waste treatment and management issues trigger NIMBY movements, and disputes among states, governments, and social actors over the issues have been accelrating. At the level of states and sub-states, various measures including institutions, laws, regulations, market-oriented methods, consensus and collaborative governance have been introduced to address various problems associated with waste. More recently, science and technology has been applied to the waste treatment and management under the notion of circular economy. However, societal support for addressing waste problems still remains inadequate, calling for new approaches and alternative pathways. In this context, this study examines two cases of urban incineration plants designed by Hudertwasser, Austria-born artist and architect: Spittelau, Austria, and Osaka, Japan. Through these case studies, I demonstrate how creative and innovative culture-technology convergence can shed new light on challenging environmental issues such as an urban waste problem.

산업혁명 이래 쓰레기 배출은 증가해 왔으며 폐기물의 처리 문제는 오늘날 인류가 직면한 가장 대표적 환경문제 중 하나가 되었다. 그러나 쓰레기는 님비 운동을 촉발하는 등, 처리 문제를 둘러싸고 다양한 국가, 정부 및 사회 주체들 간의 갈등은 고조되고 있다. 국가와 지방정부 수준에서 쓰레기 문제의 처리 방식으로는 제도, 법, 규제, 시장적 접근법, 합의와 협력적 거버넌스 등 다양한 방안이 도입, 적용되어 왔다. 최근에는 순환 경제라는 개념 하에 과학 기술을 적용하여 폐기물을 재활용, 재자원화하는 등의 방안도 주목받고 있다. 그러나 쓰레기 문제 해결을 위한 사회적 지지는 여전히 불충분하며 이에 새로운 접근법과 대안 모색이 필요한 시점이다. 본 논문은 훈데르트바서라는 예술가가 설계한 오스트리아 수도 빈의 슈피텔라우 소각장과 일본 오사카의 마이시마 소각장을 사례연구(case study) 하였다. 이들 사례는 오스트리아 출신의 훈데르트바서가 예술과 기술의 창의적, 혁신적 융합을 통해 어떻게 폐기물과 같은 도시 환경문제이자 공공의 문제에 대한 새로운 대안과 접근법을 제시하였는지 보여준다. 이들 사례는 오늘날의 환경문제 해결에 있어 과학기술적. 경제적 접근법과 더불어 예술과 문화의 융합이 유용할 수 있음을 시사한다.

Keywords

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