Geomechanics and Engineering

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Migration of fine granular materials into overlying layers using a modified large-scale triaxial system

  • Tan Manh Do (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Mining and Geology) ;
  • Jan Laue (Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology) ;
  • Hans Mattsson (Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology) ;
  • Qi Jia (Department of Civil, Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering, Lulea University of Technology)
  • Received : 2023.04.20
  • Accepted : 2024.04.25
  • Published : 2024.05.25
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Abstract

The primary goal of this study is to evaluate the migration of fine granular materials into overlying layers under cyclic loading using a modified large-scale triaxial system as a physical model test. Samples prepared for the modified large-scale triaxial system comprised a 60 mm thick gravel layer overlying a 120 mm thick subgrade layer, which could be either tailings or railway sand. A quantitative analysis of the migration of fine granular materials was based on the mass percentage and grain size of migrated materials collected in the gravel. In addition, the cyclic characteristics, i.e., accumulated axial strain and excess pore water pressure, were evaluated. As a result, the total migration rate of the railway sand sample was found to be small. However, the total migration rate of the sample containing tailings in the subgrade layer was much higher than that of the railway sand sample. In addition, the migration analysis revealed that finer tailings particles tended to be migrated into the upper gravel layer easier than coarser tailings particles under cyclic loading. This could be involved in significant increases in excess pore water pressure at the last cycles of the physical model test.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was funded by the Swedish transport administration (Trafikverket), the Swedish joint research program for road and railway geotechnology Bransch-samverkan i grunden (BIG), Swedish Hydropower Centre (SVC), and Lulea University of Technology. The research presented in this paper was carried out as a part of the Swedish Hydropower Center (Svenskt Vattenkraftscentrum, SVC). SVC has been established by the Swedish Energy Agency, Energiforsk, and Svenska Kraftnat, together with Lulea University of Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Chalmers University of Technology, Uppsala University, and Lund University. The participating companies and industry associations are: Andritz Hydro, Boliden, Fortum Sweden, Holmen Energi, Jamtkraft, Karlstads Energi, LKAB, Malarenergi, Norconsult, Rainpower, Skelleftea Kraft, Sollefteaforsens, Statkraft Sverige, Sweco Sverige, Tekniska verken i Linkoping, Uniper, Vattenfall R&D, Vattenfall Vattenkraft, Voith Hydro, WSP Sverige, Zink-gruvan, and A F Industry.

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