Computers and Concrete

  • 제33권5호
  • /
  • Pages.497-507
  • /
  • 2024
  • /
  • 1598-8198(pISSN)
  • /
  • 1598-818X(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Experimental and analytical study of squat walls with alternative detailing

  • Leonardo M. Massone (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Chile) ;
  • Cristhofer N. Letelier (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Chile) ;
  • Cristobal F. Soto (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Chile) ;
  • Felipe A. Yanez (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Chile) ;
  • Fabian R. Rojas (Department of Civil Engineering, University of Chile)
  • 투고 : 2023.11.29
  • 심사 : 2024.02.05
  • 발행 : 2024.05.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

In squat reinforced concrete walls, the displacement capacity for lateral deformation is low and the ability to resist the axial load can quickly be lost, generating collapse. This work consists of testing two squat reinforced concrete walls. One of the specimens is built with conventional detailing of reinforced concrete walls, while the second specimen is built applying an alternative design, including stirrups along the diagonal of the wall to improve its ductility. This solution differs from the detailing of beams or coupling elements that suggest building elements equivalent to columns located diagonally in the element. The dimensions of both specimens correspond to a wall with a low aspect ratio (1:1), where the height and length of the specimen are 1.4 m, with a thickness of 120 mm. The alternative wall included stirrups placed diagonally covering approximately 25% of the diagonal strut of the wall with alternative detailing. The walls were tested under a constant axial load of 0.1f'cAg and a cyclic lateral displacement was applied in the upper part of the wall. The results indicate that the lateral strength is almost identical between both specimens. On the other hand, the lateral displacement capacity increased by 25% with the alternative detailing, but it was also able to maintain the 3 complete hysteretic cycles up to a drift of 2.5%, reaching longitudinal reinforcement fracture, while the base specimen only reached the first cycle of 2% with rapid degradation due to failure of the diagonal compression strut. The alternative design also allows 46% more energy dissipation than the conventional design. A model was used to capture the global response, correctly representing the observed behavior. A parametric study with the model, varying the reinforcement amount and aspect ratio, was performed, indicating that the effectiveness of the alternative detailing can double de drift capacity for the case with a low aspect ratio (1.1) and a large longitudinal steel amount (1% in the web, 5% in the boundary), which decreases with lower amounts of longitudinal reinforcement and with the increment of aspect ratio, indicating that the alternative detailing approach is reasonable for walls with an aspect ratio up to 2, especially if the amount of longitudinal reinforcement is high.

키워드

과제정보

This research was financed by the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID) through the Fondecyt Regular 2020 N°1200023 project. Additionally, the authors express their gratitude to Mr. Pedro Soto for his valuable assistance with wall testing.

참고문헌

  1. Arafa, A. (2021), "Review of seismic response and strength requirements of reinforced concrete squat walls", ACI Struct. J., 118(4), 17-30. https://doi.org/10.14359/51732641.
  2. Cheng, M.Y., Hung, S.C., Lequesne, R.D. and Lepage, A. (2016), "Earthquake-resistant squat walls reinforced with high-strength steel", ACI Struct. J., 113(5), 1065-1076. https://doi.org/10.14359/51688825.
  3. Choi, C.S. (2006), "Improvement of earthquake-resistant performance of squat shear walls under reversed cyclic loads", Key Eng. Mater., 324, 535-538. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.324-325.535.
  4. Dabbagh, H. (2005), "Strength and ductility of high-strength concrete shear walls under reversed cyclic loading", Ph.D. Thesis, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
  5. Iliya, R. and Bertero, V. (1980), "Effects of amount and arrangement of wall-panel reinforcement on hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete walls", Report No. UCB/EERC 80/04; University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
  6. Kolozvari, K., Lopez, C.N. and Massone, L.M. (2023), "Efficient three-dimensional shear-flexure interaction model for reinforced concrete walls", Eng. Struct., 294, 116700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116700.
  7. Looi, D.T.W., Su, R.K.L., Cheng, B. and Tsang, H.H. (2017), "Effects of axial load on seismic performance of reinforced concrete walls with short shear span", Eng. Struct., 151, 312-326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.08.030.
  8. Lopez, C.N., Massone, L.M. and Kolozvari, K. (2022), "Validation of an efficient shear-flexure interaction model for planar reinforced concrete walls", Eng. Struct., 252, 113590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113590.
  9. Lowes, L.N. and Stokley, J. (2023), "Calibration and validation of an opensees model for reinforced concrete walls using NHERI simcenter and designsafe resources", International Symposium of the International Federation for Structural Concrete, Istanbul, Turkiye, June.
  10. Massone, L.M., Lopez, C.N. and Kolozvari, K. (2021), "Formulation of an efficient shear-flexure interaction model for planar reinforced concrete walls", Eng. Struct., 243, 112680. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.112680.
  11. Naish, D., Fry, A., Klemencic, R. and Wallace, J. (2013), "Reinforced concrete coupling beams-Part I: Testing", ACI Struct. J., 110(6), 1057-1066. http://doi.org/10.14359/51686160.
  12. NIST (2017), Recommended Modeling Parameters and Acceptance Criteria for Nonlinear Analysis in Support of Seismic Evaluation, Retrofit, and Design, NIST GCR 17-917-45, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
  13. Orakcal, K., Massone, L.M., Wallace, J.W. (2009), "Shear strength of lightly reinforced wall piers and spandrels", ACI Struct. J., 106(4), 455-465. https://doi.org/10.14359/56611.
  14. Paulay, T., Priestley, M.J.N. and Synge, A.J. (1982), "Ductility in earthquake resisting squat shearwalls", J. Proc., 79(4), 257-269. https://doi.org/10.14359/10903.
  15. Picon, C.P., Massone, L.M. and Lopez, C.N. (2023), "A shear-flexure interaction model for column elements with biaxial loading", Eng. Struct., 293, 116636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2023.116636.
  16. Pugh, J.S., Lowes, L.N. and Lehman, D.E. (2015), "Nonlinear line-element modeling of flexural reinforced concrete walls", Eng. Struct., 104, 174-192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.08.037.
  17. Saatcioglu, M. and Razvi, S.R. (1992), "Strength and ductility of confined concrete", J. Struct. Eng., 118(6), 1590-1607. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(1992)118:6(1590).
  18. Tassios, T.P., Moretti, M. and Bezas, A. (1996), "On the behavior and ductility of reinforced concrete coupling beams of shear walls", Struct. J., 93(6), 711-720. https://doi.org/10.14359/518.
  19. Terzioglu, T., Orakcal, K. and Massone, L.M. (2018), "Cyclic lateral load behavior of squat reinforced concrete walls", Eng. Struct., 160, 147-160. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2018.01.024.
  20. Wallace, J.W., Elwood, K.J. and Massone, L.M. (2008), "Investigation of the axial load capacity for lightly reinforced wall piers", J. Struct. Eng. ASCE, 134(9), 1548-1557. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2008)134:9(1548).