Structural Engineering and Mechanics

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High-rate Single-Frequency Precise Point Positioning (SF-PPP) in the detection of structural displacements and ground motions

  • Mert Bezcioglu (Department of Geomatics Engineering, Gebze Technical University) ;
  • Cemal Ozer Yigit (Department of Geomatics Engineering, Gebze Technical University) ;
  • Ahmet Anil Dindar (Department of Civil Engineering, Gebze Technical University) ;
  • Ahmed El-Mowafy (School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Curtin University) ;
  • Kan Wang (National Time Service Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
  • Received : 2023.03.13
  • Accepted : 2024.03.19
  • Published : 2024.03.25
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Abstract

This study presents the usability of the high-rate single-frequency Precise Point Positioning (SF-PPP) technique based on 20 Hz Global Positioning Systems (GPS)-only observations in detecting dynamic motions. SF-PPP solutions were obtained from post-mission and real-time GNSS corrections. These include the International GNSS Service (IGS)-Final, IGS real-time (RT), real-time MADOCA (Multi-GNSS Advanced Demonstration tool for Orbit and Clock Analysis), and real-time products from the Australian/New Zealand satellite-based augmentation systems (SBAS, known as SouthPAN). SF-PPP results were compared with LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) sensor and single-frequency relative positioning (SF-RP) solutions. The findings show that the SF-PPP technique successfully detects the harmonic motions, and the real-time products-based PPP solutions were as accurate as the final post-mission products. In the frequency domain, all GNSS-based methods evaluated in this contribution correctly detect the dominant frequency of short-term harmonic oscillations, while the differences in the amplitude values corresponding to the peak frequency do not exceed 1.1 mm. However, evaluations in the time domain show that SF-PPP needs high-pass filtering to detect accurate displacement since SF-PPP solutions include trends and low-frequency fluctuations, mainly due to atmospheric effects. Findings obtained in the time domain indicate that final, real-time, and MADOCA-based PPP results capture short-term dynamic behaviors with an accuracy ranging from 3.4 mm to 8.5 mm, and SBAS-based PPP solutions have several times higher RMSE values compared to other methods. However, after high-pass filtering, the accuracies obtained from PPP methods decreased to a few mm. The outcomes demonstrate the potential of the high-rate SF-PPP method to reliably monitor structural and earthquake-induced ground motions and vibration frequencies of structures.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study is supported by the Scientific Research Project (No:2020-A-102-20), Gebze Technical University. This support is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also would like to thank to the RTKLIB, gLAB, MADOCA and AU/NZ SouthPAN for sharing their software and precise satellite products.

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