Acknowledgement
We would like to express our gratitude to Dr. Kanghee Ahn, a fourth-year Neurosurgery Resident, for revising the figures. We wish for his successful attainment of specialist credentials, paving the way for him to flourish as an esteemed physician.
References
- Abernathey CD, Camacho A, Kelly PJ : Stereotaxic suboccipital transcerebellar biopsy of pontine mass lesions. J Neurosurg 70 : 195-200, 1989 https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1989.70.2.0195
- Bradac O, Steklacova A, Nebrenska K, Vrana J, de Lacy P, Benes V : Accuracy of varioguide frameless stereotactic system against frame-based stereotaxy: prospective, randomized, single-center study. World Neurosurg 104 : 831-840, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2017.04.104
- Chen SY, Chen CH, Sun MH, Lee HT, Shen CC : Stereotactic biopsy for brainstem lesion: comparison of approaches and reports of 10 cases. J Chin Med Assoc 74 : 110-114, 2011 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcma.2011.01.024
- Coca HA, Cebula H, Benmekhbi M, Chenard MP, Entz-Werle N, Proust F : Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas in children: interest of robotic frameless assisted biopsy. A technical note. Neurochirurgie 62 : 327-331, 2016 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuchi.2016.07.005
- Coffey RJ, Lunsford LD : Stereotactic surgery for mass lesions of the midbrain and pons. Neurosurgery 17 : 12-18, 1985 https://doi.org/10.1227/00006123-198507000-00003
- Giese H, Hoffmann KT, Winkelmann A, Stockhammer F, Jallo GI, Thomale UW : Precision of navigated stereotactic probe implantation into the brainstem. J Neurosurg Pediatr 5 : 350-359, 2010 https://doi.org/10.3171/2009.10.PEDS09292
- Guthrie BL, Steinberg GK, Adler JR : Posterior fossa stereotaxic biopsy using the Brown-Roberts-Wells stereotaxic system. Technical note. J Neurosurg 70 : 649-652, 1989 https://doi.org/10.3171/jns.1989.70.4.0649
- Haegelen C, Touzet G, Reyns N, Maurage CA, Ayachi M, Blond S : Stereotactic robot-guided biopsies of brain stem lesions: experience with 15 cases. Neurochirurgie 56 : 363-367, 2010 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuchi.2010.05.006
- Horisawa S, Nakano H, Kawamata T, Taira T : Novel use of the leksell gamma frame for stereotactic biopsy of posterior fossa lesions. World Neurosurg 107 : 1-5, 2017 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2017.07.087
- Jung IH, Chang KW, Park SH, Moon JH, Kim EH, Jung HH, et al. : Stereotactic biopsy for adult brainstem lesions: a surgical approach and its diagnostic value according to the 2016 World Health Organization Classification. Cancer Med 10 : 7514-7524, 2021 https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.4272
- Lefranc M, Capel C, Pruvot-Occean AS, Fichten A, Desenclos C, Toussaint P, et al. : Frameless robotic stereotactic biopsies: a consecutive series of 100 cases. J Neurosurg 122 : 342-352, 2015 https://doi.org/10.3171/2014.9.JNS14107
- Lu L, Yang X, Raterman B, Jiang X, Meineke M, Grecula J, et al. : Assessment of MRI image distortion based on 6 consecutive years of annual QAs and measurements on 14 MRI scanners used for radiation therapy. J Appl Clin Med Phys 24 : e13843, 2023
- Mathisen JR, Giunta F, Marini G, Backlund EO : Transcerebellar biopsy in the posterior fossa: 12 years experience. Surg Neurol 28 : 100-104, 1987 https://doi.org/10.1016/0090-3019(87)90080-2
- Neal JH, Van Norman AS : Transcerebellar biopsy of posterior fossa lesions using the Leksell gamma model stereotactic frame. Neurosurgery 32 : 473-474; discussion 474-475, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1097/00006123-199303000-00024
- Parker P, Levesque MF, Bittoun J, Doyon D, Tadie M : Stereotactic transcerebellar approach to pontine lesions through the middle cerebellar peduncle. Interv Neuroradiol 5 : 19-25, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1177/159101999900500103
- Phi JH, Chung HT, Wang KC, Ryu SK, Kim SK : Transcerebellar biopsy of diffuse pontine gliomas in children: a technical note. Childs Nerv Syst 29 : 489-493, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00381-012-1933-3
- Sanai N, Wachhorst SP, Gupta NM, McDermott MW : Transcerebellar stereotactic biopsy for lesions of the brainstem and peduncles under local anesthesia. Neurosurgery 63 : 460-466; discussion 466-468, 2008 https://doi.org/10.1227/01.NEU.0000324731.68843.74
- Smith JS, Quinones-Hinojosa A, Barbaro NM, McDermott MW : Frame-based stereotactic biopsy remains an important diagnostic tool with distinct advantages over frameless stereotactic biopsy. J Neurooncol 73 : 173-179, 2005 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11060-004-4208-3