Journal of Aerospace System Engineering (항공우주시스템공학회지)

The Society for Aerospace System Engineering (항공우주시스템공학회)
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RAM Modeling and Analysis of Earth Observation Constellation Satellites

지구관측 군집위성의 RAM 모델링 및 분석

  • Hongrae Kim (Agency for Defense Development) ;
  • Seong-keun Jeong (MID Co.Ltd.) ;
  • Hyun-Ung Oh (Korea Aerospace University School of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering (Agency for Defense Development))
  • 김홍래 (국방과학연구소, 위성체계단) ;
  • 정성근 ((주)엠아이디) ;
  • 오현웅 (한국항공대학교 항공우주 및 기계공학부 (국방과학연구소))
  • Received : 2023.09.10
  • Accepted : 2024.01.19
  • Published : 2024.02.28
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Abstract

In the recent era of NewSpace, unlike high-reliability satellites of the past, low-reliability satellites are being developed and mass-produced at a lower cost to launch constellations satellites. To achieve cost-effective cluster satellite development, satellite users and developers need to assess the feasibility of maintaining mission performance over the expected lifespan when cluster satellites are launched. Plans for replacements due to random failures should also be established to maintain performance. This study proposed a method for assessing system reliability and availability to maintain mission performance and establish replacement strategies for Earth observation constellation satellites. In this study, a constellation reliability and availability model considering mission performance required for a satellite constellation, situations of satellite backup, and additional ground backups was established. The reliability model was structured based on the concept of a k-out-of-n system and the availability model used a Markov chain model. Based on the proposed reliability model, the minimum number of satellites required to meet mission requirements was defined and satellites needed in orbit during the required mission period to satisfy mission reliability were calculated. This research also analyzed the number of spare satellites in orbit and on the ground required to meet the desired availability during required service period through availability analysis.

최근 뉴스페이스 시대에는 과거의 고신뢰성 위성과 다르게 낮은 신뢰성 위성을 저가의 개발/양산 비용으로 개발하여 군집위성을 발사하고 있다. 경제적인 군집위성 개발을 위해서는 위성 사용자/개발자는 군집위성으로 발사되었을 때 기대되는 수명기간 동안 임무 성능의 유지 가능성 여부를 검토해야 한다. 또한, 성능유지를 위해 임의 고장에 의한 교체 계획도 수립되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 지구관측 군집위성의 임무 성능의 유지와 교체 전략 수립을 위해 시스템 신뢰성 및 가용성 평가 방법을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 위성 백업 및 지상 추가 발사 백업 상황과 군집위성에 요구되는 임무 성능을 고려한 군집위성 신뢰성 및 가용성 모델을 구성하였다. 신뢰성 모델은 k-out-of-n system의 개념으로 구성되었고 가용성 모델은 마르코프 체인 모델을 이용하였다. 제안된 신뢰성 모델을 바탕으로 임무 요구사항에 필요한 최소 위성 개수를 정의하고, 요구 임무기간 동안 요구 임무 신뢰성 만족을 위해 궤도상 필요한 위성을 계산하였다. 또한 가용성 분석을 통해 요구 서비스기간 동안 요구 가용성 만족을 위한 궤도상 위성 여분 및 지상 여분의 개수를 분석하였다. 마지막으로 비용모델을 적용하여 위성의 신뢰성 및 개발 위성 개수간에 절충분석 개념을 제안하였다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 국방과학연구소의 2019 미래도전기술개발사업 PM 기획사업(초소형 SAR 위성군 설계 및 제작을 통한 운용능력 확보)을 통해 도출된 연구결과입니다.

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