DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Unveiling the Concept of Ideal City Development in Jeju's Mid-mountainous Area During the 1960s-70s - A Case Study of Pilot Complexes and Pioneer Complexes -

1960-70년대 제주 중산간 협동농장의 단지계획 특성 - 시범단지, 개척단지를 중심으로 -

  • Yi, Yong-Kyu (Dept. of Architecture, Jeju National University)
  • Received : 2023.10.29
  • Accepted : 2024.01.05
  • Published : 2024.02.29

Abstract

After the Jeju 4.3 incident until the 1960s, the mid-mountain area of Jeju remained deserted. In the 1960s and 1970s, efforts were made to revitalize this region through the establishment of pilot complexes and pioneer complexes, aiming to encourage resident return and foster economic independence. These complexes exhibited distinctive geometric shapes, such as circles and rhombuses, designed with the intention of functioning as cooperative farms. Interestingly, parallels could be drawn with the Ideal City theory. This study examined the morphological features and land use plans of these complexes, revealing noteworthy findings. All pilot complexes implemented a consistent annular radial road system, while being designated for specific purposes like silkworms, hemp, and livestock. This suggests a deliberate matching of industries with the respective forms. Furthermore, the complexes were subdivided into various districts, where tenants collaboratively managed operations. Pioneering complexes, in contrast, featured diverse road systems tailored to their specific industries. For instance, the livestock complex utilized square and elongated parcels with a grid-type road system, while the silkworm complex took on a circular and rhombus form based on an annular radial road system. Additionally, a connection with the previously promoted pioneering farm complex by I.D.A. was also confirmed.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 연구는 2021년도 정부(교육부)의 재원으로 한국연구재단의 지원에 의한 결과의 일부임. 과제번호:N0.2020R1I1A3072158

References

  1. Heo, K. H. (1967). A pilot complex construction plan, Namjeju-gun(Public Magazine of South Jeju County), 2, 32-39.
  2. Jeju Special Self-Governing Province (2009). Jeju History in Pictures 1, 1st ed., Jeju, Gak, 397.
  3. Jeju Special Self-Governing Province (n.d.). Space portal. https://gis.jeju.go.kr
  4. Jeung, H. S., & Lee, Y. H. (2004). A study on the characteristics of garden city in ebenezer howard, Conference Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea 24(2), 857-860.
  5. Korea planning association (2010). History of Western Urban Planning. 1st ed., Seoul, Boseonggak, 154-159, 164, 267-270.
  6. Kim, C. J. (1997). History of Urban Planning. 1st ed., Seoul, Kimundang, 270-271.
  7. Lee, I. H. (1969). The development of mid-mountain development and pioneering complex projects, Jeju-do(Public Magazine of Jeju Province), 39, 72-81.
  8. Park, H., & Lee, H. K. (2016). Exploration on the range of an urban community to form healing environment, Conference Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, 36(2), 454-465.
  9. Sohn, S. K. (2000). A History of Urban Housing. 1st ed., Seoul, Yeolhwadang, 279-281.
  10. Yi, Y. K., & Kim, T. I. (2021). Study on the complexes in the middle mountainous region of Jeju in the 1960~70s, Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, 37(10), 129-137.
  11. Yi, Y. K. (2022). A Chronological Study on the Ctesiphon Residential Houses on Jeju Island, Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea, 38(2), 53-63.