Geomechanics and Engineering

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Collapse failure mechanism of subway station under mainshock-aftershocks in the soft area

  • Zhen-Dong Cui (State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology) ;
  • Wen-Xiang Yan (State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology) ;
  • Su-Yang Wang (State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and Deep Underground Engineering, School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology)
  • Received : 2023.11.11
  • Accepted : 2024.01.15
  • Published : 2024.02.10
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Seismic records are composed of mainshock and a series of aftershocks which often result in the incremental damage to underground structures and bring great challenges to the rescue of post-disaster and the repair of post-earthquake. In this paper, the repetition method was used to construct the mainshock-aftershocks sequence which was used as the input ground motion for the analysis of dynamic time history. Based on the Daikai station, the two-dimensional finite element model of soil-station was established to explore the failure process of station under different seismic precautionary intensities, and the concept of incremental damage of station was introduced to quantitatively analyze the damage condition of structure under the action of mainshock and two aftershocks. An arc rubber bearing was proposed for the shock absorption. With the arc rubber bearing, the mode of the traditional column end connection was changed from "fixed connection" to "hinged joint", and the ductility of the structure was significantly improved. The results show that the damage condition of the subway station is closely related to the magnitude of the mainshock. When the magnitude of the mainshock is low, the incremental damage to the structure caused by the subsequent aftershocks is little. When the magnitude of the mainshock is high, the subsequent aftershocks will cause serious incremental damage to the structure, and may even lead to the collapse of the station. The arc rubber bearing can reduce the damage to the station. The results can offer a reference for the seismic design of subway stations under the action of mainshock-aftershocks.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The work in this paper was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 52378381) and National Key Research and Development Program (Grant No. 2017YFC1500702).

References

  1. Amadio, C., Fragiacomo, M. and Rajgelj, S. (2003), "The effects of repeated earthquake ground motions on the non-linear response of SDOF systems", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 32(2), 291-308. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.225.
  2. Castaldo, P., Palazzo, B. and Della Vecchia, P. (2015), "Seismic reliability of base-isolated structures with friction pendulum bearings", Eng. Struct., 95, 80-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.03.053.
  3. Chen, Z. and Jia, P. (2021), "Seismic response of underground stations with friction pendulum bearings under horizontal and vertical ground motions", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2021.106984.
  4. Chen, Z., Jia, P., Fan, Y. and Liu, Z. (2021), "Parameter analysis and optimization of friction pendulum bearings in underground stations based on genetic algorithm", J. Earthq. Eng., 26(15), 7814-7831. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2021.1988765.
  5. Chou, J.C. and Lin, E.G.E. (2020), "Incorporating ground motion effects into Sasaki and Tamura prediction equations of liquefaction-induced uplift of underground structures", Geomech. Eng., 22(1), 25-33. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2020.22.1.025.
  6. Cui, Z.D., Huang, M.H., Hou, C.Y. and Yuan, L. (2023a), "Seismic deformation behaviors of the soft clay after freezing-thawing", Geomech. Eng., 34(3), 303-316. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2023.34.3.303.
  7. Cui, Z.D., Zhang, L.J. and Zhan, Z.X. (2023b), "Dynamic shear modulus and damping ratio of saturated soft clay under the seismic loading", Geomech. Eng., 32(4), 411-426. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2023.32.4.411.
  8. Hatzigeorgiou, G.D. and Beskos, D.E. (2009), "Inelastic displacement ratios for SDOF structures subjected to repeated earthquakes", Eng. Struct., 31(11), 2744-2755. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.07.002.
  9. He, Z. and Chen, Q. (2021), "Upgrading the seismic performance of underground structures by introducing lead-filled steel tube dampers", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103727.
  10. Huynh, V.Q., Nguyen, T.K. and Nguyen, X.H. (2021), "Seismic analysis of soil-structure interaction: Experimentation and modeling", Geomech. Eng., 27(2), 115-121. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2021.27.2.115.
  11. Jing, Y., Haiyang, Z., Wei, W., Zhenghua, Z. and Guoxing, C. (2021), "Seismic performance and effective isolation of a large multilayered underground subway station", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2020.106560.
  12. Kim, B. and Shin, M. (2017), "A model for estimating horizontal aftershock ground motions for active crustal regions", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 92, 165-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2016.09.040.
  13. Kim, Y., Lim, H. and Jeong, S. (2020), "Seismic response of vertical shafts in multi-layered soil using dynamic and pseudo-static analyses", Geomech. Eng., 21(3), 269-277. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2020.21.3.269.
  14. Kirkwood, P. and Dashti, S. (2018a), "A centrifuge study of seismic structure-soil-structure interaction on liquefiable ground and implications for design in dense urban areas", Earthq. Spectra, 34(3), 1113-1134. https://doi.org/10.1193/052417eqs095m.
  15. Kirkwood, P. and Dashti, S. (2018b), "Considerations for the Mitigation of Earthquake-Induced Soil Liquefaction in Urban Environments", J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 144(10). https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)gt.1943-5606.0001936.
  16. Kwon, S.Y., Yoo, M. and Hong, S. (2020), "Earthquake risk assessment of underground railway station by fragility analysis based on numerical simulation", Geomech. Eng., 21(2), 143-152. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2020.21.2.143.
  17. Lu, C.C. and Hwang, J.H. (2018), "Damage analysis of the new Sanyi railway tunnel in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake: Necessity of second lining reinforcement", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 73, 48-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2017.12.009.
  18. Ma, C., Lu, D., Zhao, Y., Wang, Z. and Du, X. (2022), "Performance of an underground structure seismic mitigation system improved by frictional deformation absorbing braces", Structures, 37, 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.12.082.
  19. Moustafa, A. and Takewaki, I. (2010), "Modeling critical ground-motion sequences for inelastic structures", Adv. Struct. Eng., 13(4), 665-679. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.13.4.665.
  20. Ruiz-Garcia, J. (2012), "Mainshock-aftershock ground motion features and their influence in building's seismic response", J. Earthq. Eng., 16(5), 719-737. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2012.663154.
  21. Sudevan, P.B., Boominathan, A. and Banerjee, S. (2020), "Mitigation of liquefaction-induced uplift of underground structures by soil replacement methods", Geomech. Eng., 23(4), 365-379. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2020.23.4.365.
  22. Tsinidis, G. (2017). "Response characteristics of rectangular tunnels in soft soil subjected to transversal ground shaking", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 62, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2016.11.003.
  23. Wang, W.L., Wang, T.T., Su, J.J., Lin, C.H., Seng, C.R. and Huang, T.H. (2001). "Assessment of damage in mountain tunnels due to the Taiwan Chi-Chi Earthquake", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 16(3), 133-150. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0886-7798(01)00047-5.
  24. Wang, Z., Gao, B., Jiang, Y. and Yuan, S. (2009), "Investigation and assessment on mountain tunnels and geotechnical damage after the Wenchuan earthquake", Science in China Series ETech. Sci., 52(2), 546-558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-009-0054-z.
  25. Xu, C., Zhang, Z., Li, Y. and Du, X. (2020a), "Validation of a numerical model based on dynamic centrifuge tests and studies on the earthquake damage mechanism of underground frame structures", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103538.
  26. Xu, Z., Du, X., Xu, C. and Han, R., (2020b), "Numerical analyses of seismic performance of underground and aboveground structures with friction pendulum bearings", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.105967.
  27. Xu, Z., Du, X., Xu, C., Hao, H., Bi, K. and Jiang, J. (2019), "Numerical research on seismic response characteristics of shallow buried rectangular underground structure", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 116, 242-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.10.030.
  28. Yin, Y.J. and Li, Y. (2011), "Loss estimation of light-frame wood construction subjected to mainshock-aftershock sequences", J. Perform. Constr. Fac., 25(6), 504-513. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000187.
  29. Yoo, M., Kwon, S.Y. and Hong, S. (2022), "Dynamic response evaluation of deep underground structures based on numerical simulation", Geomech. Eng., 29(3), 269-279. https://doi.org/10.12989/gae.2022.29.3.269.
  30. Yu, X.H., Li, S., Lu, D.G. and Tao, J. (2020), "Collapse capacity of inelastic single-degree-of-freedom systems subjected to mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequences", J. Earthq. Eng., 24(5), 803-826. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2018.1453417.
  31. Zhuang, H., Zhao, C., Chen, S., Fu, J., Zhao, K. and Chen, G. (2020), "Seismic performance of underground subway station with sliding between column and longitudinal beam", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2020.103439.