Journal of Veterinary Science

The Korean Society of Veterinary Science (대한수의학회)
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Clinical and inflammatory response to antiviral treatments in dogs with parvoviral enteritis

  • Nergis Ulas (Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University) ;
  • Yunusemre Ozkanlar (Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary, Ondokuz Mayis University) ;
  • Seckin Ozkanlar (Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University) ;
  • Mehmet Ozkan Timurkan (Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University) ;
  • Hakan Aydin (Department of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary, Ataturk University)
  • Received : 2023.05.23
  • Accepted : 2023.09.24
  • Published : 2024.01.31
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Abstract

Background: Canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE) is a fatal disease worldwide. The treatment of CPE is based mainly on supportive and symptomatic treatment. Antiviral addition to the treatment may result in a higher survival. Objectives: This study evaluated the effects of antiviral treatments with a standardized treatment (ST) on the clinical and inflammatory response of dogs with naturally occurring CPE. Methods: Twenty-eight dogs with CPE caused by canine parvovirus type 2 were divided randomly into treatment groups. The ST group received fluid, antibiotic, antiemetic, and deworming treatments. The antiviral treatment groups received the same ST with an additional antiviral drug, recombinant feline interferon omega (rFeIFN-ω), oseltamivir (OSEL) or famciclovir (FAM). Results: Compared to the healthy control, the tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-γ, haptoglobin, and C-reactive protein values were high (p < 0.05) on day zero. At presentation, mild lymphopenia, neutropenia, and a high neutrophil to lymphocyte (LYM) ratio (NLR) were also observed. Adding rFeIFN-ω to the ST produced the best improvement in the clinical score with a decreased NLR, while leucocytes remained low and inflammatory markers stayed high on day three. The survival rates of the groups were 85.7% in ST+IFN, 71.4% in ST+OSEL, 71.4% in ST+FAM, and 57.1% in ST groups on day seven. Conclusions: Antiviral drugs may be valuable in treating CPE to improve the clinical signs and survival. In addition, the decrease in NLR in favor of LYM may be an indicator of the early prognosis before the improvement of leukocytes, cytokines, and acute phase proteins in CPE.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey - TUBITAK - under the project TOVAG 114O037.

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