DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

How China Constructs Cultural Self-confidence

  • Dongnu Guo (School of Government and International Relations, Griffith University & Center for Australian Studies, China University of Mining and Technology)
  • 투고 : 2023.08.12
  • 심사 : 2023.11.20
  • 발행 : 2023.12.31

초록

Cultural self-confidence and its implications for China's domestic and foreign affairs have become a focus of attention in Chinese IR discourse and cultural studies since 2010. As analysts consider that China's international relations policy-makers draw from ideas and understandings about cultural self-confidence from domestic debates and discussions on the concept. This paper investigates how cultural self-confidence is understood by Chinese scholars and why they recognise it as now imperative at this point for China's development. In so doing, it aims to provide insights into some of the concepts that may influence China's 'self-confidence' narrative in its foreign policy messaging. The focus of discussion on scholarly writings is limited to journal articles that have been associated with studies funded by the Chinese government since their views are expected to align to some degree or another, with the broad direction of China's internal 'discourse-power building. Indeed, the discussion of the concept of cultural self-confidence is aligned with China's objective of enhancing its discourse power through promoting soft power and public diplomacy, and finally leading to the realisation of the China Dream. The influence of domestic scholarly discussions on cultural self-confidence on China's foreign policy is potentially significant. It not only reflects how China's emerging discourse power views its global position, but also indicates how China expects others to view it.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Boer, R. (2021). Socialism with Chinese Characteristics. Springer.
  2. Chen, X. (2018). Wenhua zixin zhong de chuantong yu dangdai [The tradition and modernization of cultural self-confidence]. Journal of Red Culture, 3, 107-109.
  3. Dong, Z. (2016). Guanyu zhongguo tese shehui zhuyi wenhua zixin de jidian sikao [Thoughts on cultural self-confidence with Chinese Characteristics]. Scientific Socialism, 5, 4-9.
  4. Dong, Z. (2017). Wenhua zixin de genben zaiyu hexin jiazhi guan zixin [The foundation of cultural self-confidence is the confidence of values]. Journal of Beijing Normal University (Social Sciences), 5, 131-135.
  5. Fei, X. (2015). Globalization and cultural self-awareness. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46648-3
  6. Feng, H., & He, K. (2019). Why do Chinese IR scholars matter? In H. Feng, K. He & X. Yan (Eds.), Chinese scholars and foreign policy (1st ed., pp. 3-20). Routledge.
  7. Feng, H., He, K. & Yan, X. (2019). Rethinking the role of scholars in Chinese foreign policy. In H. Feng, K. He & Y. Xuetong (Eds.), Chinese scholars and foreign policy (1st ed., pp. 193-202). Routledge.
  8. Gao, Z. (2018). Zhongguo tese shehui zhuyi zhidu zixin yanjin de lishi luoji [The historical logic of the self-confidence evolution of the socialist system with Chinese characteristics]. The Journal of Harbin Committee School of the CPC, 6, 12-18.
  9. Han, Z. (1996). Draw the line between learning advanced things from the West and worshiping things foreign. Chinese Economic Studies, 29(3), 85-92.
  10. Hu, J. (2011, July 1). Speech at a meeting commemorating the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China. Xinhua News Agency.
  11. Decision of the central committee of the Communist Party of China concerning deepening cultural structural reform. (2011, October 18). https://www.gov.cn/jrzg/2011-10/25/content_1978202.htm
  12. Hu, J. (2012). Wenhua qiangguo zhanlue: Tiaochu wenhua zifu yu zibei kejiu [Cultural country strategy: Jumping out of the dilemma of cultural superiority and pessimism]. Shehui Guancha (2), 76-79. http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1672-3171.2012.02.032
  13. Hu, W. (2019). Xi Jinping's "major country diplomacy": The role of leadership in foreign policy transformation. Journal of Contemporary China, 28(115), 1-14.
  14. Hu, W., & Liu, Z. (2020). "Quanqiu zhili shiyuxia zhongguo guoji huayuquande tisheng" ["The promotion of China's international discourse power from the perspective of global governance"]. Zhongzhou Xuekan, 8, 54-60.
  15. Hu, Y., Xie, W., & Lu, Y. (2021). China to explore innovation in enhancing discourse power amid US hegemony. Global Times. https://www.globaltimes.cn/page/202105/1223808.shtml
  16. Huang, J. (2019). Wenhua zixin de yishi xingtai gongneng [The Ideological function of Cultural self-confidence]. Studies on Marxism, 8, 129-138.
  17. Jin, C. (2021, August 2). China Now. [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wn-Rwz7hjnM
  18. Jing, J. (2018). Xin shidai wenhua zixin yu wenhua zizhu de xianshi jingxiang hua jiangou [The realistic mirror construction of cultural self-confidence and self-autonomy in the new era]. Gansu Social Sciences, 3, 37-42.
  19. Lei, J. (2016). Wenhua zixin: lishi, lilun yu luoji [Cultural self-confidence: History, theory and logic]. Theory Journal, 6, 145-152.
  20. Li, C., & Ru, Y. (2017). Wenhua zixin shiyu xia sixiang zhengzhi jiaoyu huayu tixi chuangxin yanjiu [Studies on discourse system innovation of ideational and political education under cultural self-confidence]. Academic Forum, 5(40), 172-180.
  21. Li, M. (2008). China Debates Soft Power. The Chinese Journal of International Politics, 2(2), 287-308. https://doi.org/10.1093/cjip/pon011
  22. Liu, C., & Wang, X. (2018). Wenhua zixin de liliang zhiyuan yu tisheng lujing-xuexi Xijinpin zong shuji wenhua zixin sixiang de zhongyao lunshu [Sources of strength and the path to enhancing cultural self-confidence: Important statements on the study of thoughts of Xi Jinping's cultural self-confidence]. Journal of South-Central University for Nationalities (Humanities and Social Sciences), 38(2), 1-5.
  23. Liu, H. & Wang, R. (2018). Xi Jinping wenhua zixin sixiang de kexue neihan jiqi shijian jiazhi [The Scientific Connotations and Practical Values of Xin Jinping's Thoughts on Cultural Self-confidence']. Scientific Socialism, 1, (2018),115-120.
  24. Liu, H., & Liu, X. (2019). Guanyu wenhua zixin de huigu yu zhanwang [The review and prospect of the research on cultural confidence]. Socialism Studies, 4, 164-172.
  25. Liu, W. (2018). Quanqiu wenhua jiaorong beijing xia tisheng wenhua zixin de yiyun tiaozhan ji duice-xuexi Xijinping guanyu wenhua zixin de lunshu [The implications, facing challenges and methods of enhancing cultural self-confidence under the global cultural blending-learning Xi Jinping's important exposition on cultural self-confidence]. Socialism Studies, 1, 16-23.
  26. Long, B., & Lin, W. (2018). "Wenhua zixin de huayu weidu" ["The discourse dimension of cultural self-confidence"]. Hubei minzu xueyuan xuebao(zhexue shehui kexue ban) [Journal of Hubei University for Nationalities(Philosophy and Social Sciences)], 2(36), 164-168.
  27. Luo, S. (2018). Cong zhanqilai fuqilai dao qiangqilai de lishi shijian kan zhongguo gongchan dang de wenhua zixin zhanlue [On strategy of cultural confidence of the Communist Party of China from the historical perspective of standing up, getting rich and getting strong]. Marxism & Reality, 2, 7-12.
  28. Ma, J., & Ma, Q. (2018). Xin shidai wenhua zixin de neihan, yuanquan, ji shixian lujing [The connotation, source and realization path of cultural confidence in the new era]. Academic Exchange Extra, 4, 58-64.
  29. Meng, R. (2017). Lishi yu xianshizhong de zhongguo gongchandang wenhua zixin fenxi [Analysis cultural self-confidence of the Communist Party of China in history and reality]. Contemporary World and Socialism, 1, 84-91.
  30. Peng, F., & Zhang, X. (2019). Lun wenhua zixin de luoji lilu [On the Logic Theories of Cultural Confidence]. Xuexiao Dangjian yu Sixiang Jiaoyu, 6, 79-81.
  31. Pu, X. (2017). Controversial identity of a rising China. The Chinese Journal of International Politics, 10(2), 131-149.
  32. Pu, X., & Wang, C. (2018). Rethinking China's rise: Chinese scholars debate strategic overstretch. International Affairs (London), 94(5), 1019-1035.
  33. Qin, Z., & Wang, Y. (2017). Jianding wenhua zixin de sange jiben wenti [Three basic problems in cultural self-confidence]. Kexue Shehui Zhuyi, 10, 24-26.
  34. Shao, Y., & Bai, X. (2019). Wenhua zixin yu yishi xingtai anquan [Cultural self-confidence and ideology security]. Theoretical Investigation, 5, 32-38.
  35. Sun, M. (2019). Weiwu shiguan shiyu zhong de wenhua zixin tanxi [A study of cultural self-confidence from a perspective of historical materialism]. Shehui Kexue Jikan (2), 46-51.
  36. Wang, C., & Deng, Q. (2017). Lilun yiyun, neizai shuxing he shixian lujing: Makesi zhuyi yinling zhongguo tese shehui zhuyi wenhua zixin duowei jiedu [Theory, internal attributes and realisation path: A multiple interpretation of cultural self-confidence with Chinese characteristics under Marxist guidance]. Lilun Daokan, 12, 40-46.
  37. Wang, H. (2017). Yi wenhua zixin tuidong wenhua qiangguo jianshe [The construction of powerful cultural country with cultural self-confidence]. Changbai Journal, 5, 150-155.
  38. Wang, W. (2014, August 28). The collapse of "China collapse" theory. China.org.cn. http://www.china.org.cn/china/2014-08/28/content_33374611.htm
  39. Wang, W., & Zhong, J. (2017). Xi Jinping xin shidaiwenhua zixin sixiang: Shengcheng luoji, hexin yaoyi, zuobiao daoxiang. [Formation of cultural self confidence in Xi Jinping's era: Logic, core, and orientation] Guangxi Shehui Kexue, 11, 12-17.
  40. Wang, Y. G. (2017). Wenhua zixin yu xin shidai zhongguo tese shehui zhuyi yishi xingtai chuangxin [Cultural self-confidence and the innovation of the socialism ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era]. Xuehai, 6, 5-12. https://doi.org/10.16091/j.cnki.cn32-1308/c.2017.06.002
  41. Wang, Y. X. (2017). Zhongguo tese shehui zhuyi wenhua zixin de luoji yu lilun yiyun [The logic and implication of cultural self-confidence with Chinese characteristics].Guangxi Shehui Kexue, 9, 10-16. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1004-6917.2017.09.003
  42. Wang, Y., & Pan, Y. (2017). Wenhua zixin shiyu xia chanting wenhua chonggou de "sanchong" kunjing [The three-level dilemma of the reconstruction of traditional culture under cultural self-confidence]. Nanjing Shehui Kexue, 7, 142-149.
  43. Wu, Y. (2018). Xinshidai wenhua zixin de zhengque zishi-jiyu lishi shijiao yu shijie yanguang [The Correct way of cultural self-confidence inthe new era based on historical angle and global vision]. Hehai Daxue Xuebao, 20(4), 12-16.
  44. Wu, Z., & Ma, Z. (2018). Zhonghua youxiu chunatong wenhua tisheng wenhua zixin de liyulu [Theoretics and methods for increasing cultural confidence through the traditional Chinese culture]. Studies on Marxism, 9, 77-85.
  45. Xi, J. (2016, May 17). Speech by Xi Jinping at the Symposium on Philosophy and Social Sciences. Xinhuanet. http://politics.people.com.cn/n1/2016/0518/c1024-28361421-3.html
  46. Xi, J. (2016). Speech at a Ceremony Marking the 95th Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China. Qiushi Journal, 8(4).
  47. Xi, J. (2017, November 3). Full text of Xi Jinping's report at 19th CPC National Congress. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/special/2017-11/03/c_136725942.htm.
  48. Xi, J. (2017, October 18). Secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and strive for the great success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. Xinhua. 1-65. https://www.xinhuanet.com/english/download/Xi_Jinping's_report_at_19th_CPC_National_Congress.pdf
  49. Xi, J. (2021, March 7) Zhongguo yijing keyi pingshi zhege shijie le [Xi Jinping: China can view the world with the mindset of equality]. Zhongguo Qingnianwang. https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1693558752622270752&wfr=spider&for=pc.
  50. Xiao, G., & Zhang, A. (2018). Guanyu jianding zhongguo tese shehui zhuyi wenhua zixin de jige wenti [Several issues on the upholding of socialism cultural self-confidence with Chinese characteristics]. Dangdai Shijie he Shehui Zhuyi, 1, 26-33.
  51. Xin, X. (2017). Makesi zhuyi yu zhongguo tese shehui zhuyi wenhua zixin [Marxism and the Culture Confidence of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics]. Lilun Tantao, 2, 12-17.
  52. Xu, Z., & Chen, S. (2018). Cultural confidence as a national strategy: Significance and construction. Contemporary Social Sciences, 1, 82-89. https://css.researchcommons.org/journal/vol2018/iss1/7
  53. Yan, X. (2014). From keeping a low profile to striving for achievement. The Chinese Journal of International Politics, 7(2), 153-184.
  54. Yang, S. (2016). Wenhua zixin de yiyi ji qishi [The significance and reality of cultural self-confidence] The Study of Socialism with Chinese Characteristics, 6, 5-8.
  55. Ye, X., & Mao, Z. (2019). Wenhua xuyao manzu yu wenhua zixinqianghua: youji xietong ji zhengce quxiang [Cultural needs, satisfaction and cultural self-confidence enhancement: The organic coordination and policy orientation]. Journal of Shandong University (Philosophy and Social Sciences), 5, 54-62.
  56. Yun, S. (2010). Wenhua zijue wenhua zixin wenhua ziqiang-Dui fanrong fazhan zhongguo tese shehui zhuyi wenhua de sika (zhong) [Cultural consciousness, cultural confidence, and culture improvement-A reflection of the prosperity and development of socialist culture with Chinese characteristics (Part Two)]. Hongqi Wengao, 15, 4-8.
  57. Zhang, C. (2018). Wenhua zixin de luoji qidian ji shixian lujing chuyi [On the logical basis and realization route of cultural confidence]. Xinjiang Shehui Kexue, 3, 125-130.
  58. Zhao, C. (2018). Xin shidai wenhua zixin mianlin de tiaozhan ji zhanlue xuanze [Challenges and strategic choices facing cultural self-confidence in the new era]. Lilun Daokan, 5, 83-89.
  59. Zhao, K. (2019). The China model of public diplomacy and its future. The Hague Journal of Diplomacy, 14(1-2), 169-181. https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191X-14101033
  60. Zhao, Y. (2020). A Survey of the Study of Cultural Confidence in China. Cross-Cultural Communication, 16(1), 1-4.
  61. Zheng, C. (2016). China debates the non-interference principle. The Chinese Journal of International Politics, 9(3), 349-374.
  62. Zhou, C. (2020, December 5). We're not Wolf Warriors, we're only standing up for China, says senior official. South China Morning Post. https://www.scmp.com/news/china/diplomacy/article/3112733/were-not-wolf-warriors-were-only-standing-china-says-senior.
  63. Zhu, Z. (2019). Jinnian lai xuejie guanyu wenhua zixin yanjiu de huigu yu qianzhan [Review and prospect on studies of cultural self-confidence in recent years]. Dangdai Shijie he Shehui Zhuyi, 4, 202-208.
  64. Zhu, Z. (2020, May 15). Interpreting China's "Wolf-Warrior Diplomacy". The Diplomat. https://thediplomat.com/2020/05/interpreting-chinas-wolf-warrior-diplomacy/
  65. Zuo, F., & Zhao, K. (2019). Tigao woguode guoji huayuquan xuyaofahui zhexue shehui kexue de zuoyong ['The Role of Philosophy and Social Science in Improving China's International Discourse Power']. Dangdai shijie shehui zhuyi wenti, 1(139), 70-77.