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The Korean Society of Phycology (한국조류학회(藻類))
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Synchronous nuclear division and the role of the cytoskeleton in the multinucleate red alga Griffithsia monilis

  • Chan Young Hong (Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Ji Ho Yun (Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Minseok Kwak (Department of Taxonomy and Systematics, National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea) ;
  • Jong Seok Moon (Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University) ;
  • Gwang Hoon Kim (Department of Biological Sciences, Kongju National University)
  • Received : 2023.07.15
  • Accepted : 2023.09.06
  • Published : 2023.09.15
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Abstract

Most taxonomic groups of organisms harbor temporarily or permanently multinucleate cells in all or parts of their bodies. Each nucleus in the same cytoplasm responds almost identically to environmental cues, but little is known about the signals that mediate their coordinated division. In this study, we used Griffithsia monilis, a multinucleated giant cell, to investigate how its nuclear division occurs and the role of cytoskeleton in this process. Our results show that nuclear division is exquisitely coordinated and synchronized, but that nuclear division and chloroplast division are not coupled to each other. Microtubules are known to play an important role in synchronized nuclear division in some large multinucleate green algae, and microtubule arrangement is involved in shaping the cytoplasmic domains of each nucleus. However, we found no evidence for the involvement of the cytoskeleton in the synchronized nuclear division or regular nuclear arrangement in G. monilis. Although the nuclei were arranged at very regular intervals, these intervals became irregular during nuclear division, and there was no regular arrangement of actin or microtubules to maintain the spacing between the nuclei. Neither cortical microtubules nor spindle microtubules were physically connected to other neighboring nuclei during nuclear division, suggesting that microtubules are not involved in the coordination of nuclear division in G. monilis.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors express their sincere thanks to Prof. Joe Zuccarello for his valuable comments. This work was supported by the management of Marine Fishery Bioresources Center (2023) funded by the National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea (MABIK) and by Development of technology for biomaterialization of marine fisheries by-products of Korea Institute of Marine Science & Technology Promotion (KIMST) funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (KIMST-20220128) and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2019M3C1B7025093).

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