The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems (한국ITS학회 논문지)

The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems (한국ITS학회)
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A Study on Factors Influencing the Severity of Autonomous Vehicle Accidents: Combining Accident Data and Transportation Infrastructure Information

자율주행차 사고심각도의 영향요인 분석에 관한 연구: 사고데이터와 교통인프라 정보를 결합하여

  • Changhun Kim (Dept. of Urban Planning and Transportation Engineering., Kyonggi University) ;
  • Junghwa Kim (Dept. of Urban Planning and Transportation Engineering., Kyonggi University)
  • 김창훈 (경기대학교 일반대학원 도시.교통공학과 ) ;
  • 김정화 (경기대학교 스마트시티공학부 도시.교통공학과 )
  • Received : 2023.09.18
  • Accepted : 2023.10.16
  • Published : 2023.10.31
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Abstract

With the rapid advance of autonomous driving technology, the related vehicle market is experiencing explosive growth, and it is anticipated that the era of fully autonomous vehicles will arrive in the near future. However, along with the development of autonomous driving technology, questions regarding its safety and reliability continue to be raised. Concerns among technology adopters are increasing due to media reports of accidents involving autonomous vehicles. To promote the improvement of the safety of autonomous vehicles, it is essential to analyze previous accident cases and identify their causes. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to analyze the factors influencing the severity of autonomous vehicle accidents using previous accident cases and related data. The data used for this research primarily comprised autonomous vehicle accident reports collected and distributed by the California Department of Motor Vehicles (CA DMV). Spatial information on accident locations and additional traffic data were also collected and utilized. Given that the primary data used in this study were accident reports, a Poisson regression analysis was conducted to model the expected number of accidents. The research results indicated that the severity of autonomous vehicle accidents increases in areas with low lighting, the presence of bicycle or bus-exclusive lanes, and a history of pedestrian and bicycle accidents. These findings are expected to serve as foundational data for the development of algorithms to enhance the safety of autonomous vehicles and promote the installation of related transportation infrastructure.

자율주행 기술이 고도로 발전하고, 관련 시장이 급격하게 성장하고 있어 머지않은 시기 내에 완전 자율주행 시대가 도래할 것으로 예상된다. 한편, 자율주행 기술의 발전과 함께 기술 안전성에 대한 의문이 제기되고 있으며, 관련 사고 소식이 보도되면서 기술에 대한 우려는 증대되고 있다. 자율주행차의 안전성 향상을 위해, 사고 사례를 분석하고 사고 원인을 규명하는 행위가 선행될 필요가 있다. 이에, 본 연구는 자율주행 사고데이터를 통해 자율차 사고의 심각도에 대한 영향요인을 분석하였다. 연구 데이터는 CA DMV에서 수집·배포하고 있는 자율주행차 사고 레포트를 중심으로 사고 지점의 공간 정보, 교통 정보를 사용하였다. 중점 데이터가 사고 레포트임을 고려할 때, 사건 발생 횟수의 기댓값이 반영될 수 있도록 포아송 회귀 분석을 사용하여 모델링을 진행하였다. 모형 분석 결과, 자율주행차 사고 심각도는 조도가 낮을 때, 자전거·버스 전용 차로가 존재할 때, 보행자와 자전거 사고 이력이 많은 지역에서 증가한다는 결과가 도출되었다. 본 연구 결과는 향후, 자율주행차 안전성 개선을 위한 알고리즘 개발 및 관련 교통 인프라 설치를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 2023년 경기대학교 대학원 연구원장학생 장학금 지원에 의하여 수행되었음 이 논문은 2023년도 정부(과학기술정보통신부)의 재원으로 정보통신기획평가원의 지원을 받아 수행된 연구임 (No.2021-0-01352, 자율주행 관련 법규 및 규제 대응 서비스 시나리오 실효성 검증 기술 개발)

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