DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Analysis of risk for high-speed trains caused by crosswind in subgrade settlement zones based on CFD-FE coupling

  • Qian Zhang (School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University) ;
  • Xiaopei Cai (School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University) ;
  • Tao Wang (School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University) ;
  • Yanrong Zhang (School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University) ;
  • Shusheng Yang (Jinan-Qingdao High-speed Railway Co., Ltd.)
  • 투고 : 2022.11.02
  • 심사 : 2023.08.01
  • 발행 : 2023.10.25

초록

Subgrade differential settlement of high-speed railways was a pivotal issue that could increase the risk of trains operation. The risk will be further increased when trains in the subsidence zone are affected by crosswinds. In this paper, the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model and finite element (FE) model were established, and the data transmission interface of the two models was established by fluid-solid interaction (FSI) method to form a systematic crosswind-train-track-subgrade dynamic model. The risk of high-speed train encountering crosswind in settlement area was analyzed. The results showed that the aerodynamic force of the trains increased significantly with the increase in crosswind speed. The aerodynamic force of the trains could reach 125.14 kN, significantly increasing the risk of derailment and overturning. Considering the influence of crosswind, the risk of train operation could be greatly increased. The safety indices and the wheel-rail force both increased with the increase of the wind speed. For the high-speed train running at 350 km/h, the warning value of wind speed was 10.2 m /s under the condition of subgrade settlement with wavelength of 20 m and amplitude of 15 mm.

키워드

과제정보

The research described in this paper was financially supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China (grant number 2022YJS078), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant number 52178405) and Science and Technology Project of Shandong Railway Investment Holding Group Co., Ltd. (grant number TTKJ2021-11).

참고문헌

  1. Baker, C., Hemida, H., Iwnicki, S., Xie, G. and Ongaro, D. (2011), "Integration of Crosswind Forces into Train Dynamic Modelling", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit., 225(2), 154-164. https://doi.org/10.1177/2041301710392476
  2. Cai, C.S., Hu, J., Chen, S., Han, Y., Zhang, W. and Kong, X. (2015), "A coupled wind-vehicle-bridge system and its applications: a review", Wind Struct., 20(2), 117-142. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2015.20.2.117
  3. Cai, X., Liang, Y., Xin, T., Ma, C. and Wang, H. (2019), "Assessing the effects of subgrade frost heave on vehicle dynamic behaviors on high-speed railway", Cold Reg. Sci. Technol., 158, 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coldregions.2018.11.009
  4. Cai, X., Zhang, Q., Wang, Q., Cui, X. and Dong, B. (2022), "Effects of the subgrade differential arch on damage characteristics of CRTS III slab track and vehicle dynamic response", Constr. Build. Mater., 327, 126982.
  5. Carrarini, A. (2007), "Reliability based analysis of the crosswind stability of railway vehicles", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 95(7), 493-509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2006.10.001
  6. Cheli, F., Corradi, R., Rocchi, D., Tomasini, G. and Maestrini, E. (2010), "Wind tunnel tests on train scale models to investigate the effect of infrastructure scenario", J Wind. Eng. Ind. Aerod., 98(6-7), 353-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2010.01.001
  7. Chen, R., Chen, J., Zhao, X., Bian, X. and Chen, Y. (2014), "Cumulative settlement of track subgrade in high-speed railway under varying water levels", Int. J. Rail Transport., 2(4), 205-220. https://doi.org/10.1080/23248378.2014.959083
  8. Chen, Z. and Fang, H. (2021), "Influence of pier settlement on contact behavior between CRTS II track and bridge in highspeed railways", Eng. Struct., 235, 112007.
  9. Chen, Z., Zhai, W., Cai, C. and Sun, Y. (2015), "Safety threshold of high-speed railway pier settlement based on train-track-bridge dynamic interaction", Sci. China Technol. Sci.., 58(2), 202-210. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11431-014-5692-0
  10. Cui, X. and Ling, X. (2021), "Effects of differential subgrade settlement on damage distribution and mechanical properties of CRTS II slab track", Constr. Build. Mater., 271, 121821.
  11. Cui, X. and Xiao, H. (2021), "Interface mechanical properties and damage behavior of CRTS II slab track considering differential subgrade settlement", KSCE J. Civ. Eng., 25(6), 2036-2045. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-021-0268-6
  12. Cui, X., Guo, G., Du, B., Cai, X. and Zhou, R. (2021), "Effects of lateral differential settlement of the subgrade on deformation behavior and damage evolution of CRTS II slab track", Eng. Fail. Anal., 129, 105674.
  13. Deng, E., Liu, X., Ni, Y., Wang, Y. and Zhao, C. (2023), "A coupling analysis method of foundation soil dynamic responses induced by metro train based on PDEM and stochastic field theory", Comput. Geotech., 154 105180.
  14. Deng, E., Yang, W., Lei, M., Zhu, Z. and Zhang, P. (2019), "Aerodynamic loads and traffic safety of high-speed trains when passing through two windproof facilities under crosswind: A comparative study", Eng. Struct., 188, 320-339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.01.080
  15. Deng, E., Yue, H., Ni, Y., Wang, Y., He, X. and Chen, Z. (2023), "A turbulent crosswind simulation method at high-speed railway tunnel entrance: Based on field test and geometric turbulence generator", Phys. Fluids., 35(1), 15156.
  16. Diedrichs, B., Sima, M., Orellano, A. and Tengstrand, H. (2007), "Crosswind stability of a high-speed train on a high embankment", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit., 221(2), 205-225. https://doi.org/10.1243/0954409JRRT126
  17. Gao, L., Zhao, W., Hou, B. and Zhong, Y. (2020), "Analysis of influencing mechanism of subgrade frost heave on vehicle-track dynamic system", App. Sci., 10(22), 8097.
  18. Gawthorpe, R.G. (1994), "Wind effects on ground transportation", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 52, 73-92. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(94)90040-X
  19. Guo, Y. and Zhai, W. (2018), "Long-term prediction of track geometry degradation in high-speed vehicle-ballastless track system due to differential subgrade settlement", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 113, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2018.05.024
  20. Han, Y., Huang, J., Cai, C.S., Chen, S. and He, X. (2019), "Driving safety analysis of various types of vehicles on long-span bridges in crosswinds considering aerodynamic interference", Wind Struct., 29(4), 279-297. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2019.29.4.279.
  21. He, J., Xiang, H., Li, Y. and Han, B. (2022), "Aerodynamic performance of traveling road vehicles on a single-level rail-cum-road bridge under crosswind and aerodynamic impact of traveling trains", Eng. Appl. Comp. Fluid., 16(1), 335-358. https://doi.org/10.1080/19942060.2021.2012516
  22. Heleno, R., Montenegro, P.A., Carvalho, H., Ribeiro, D., Calcada, R. and Baker, C.J. (2021), "Influence of the railway vehicle properties in the running safety against crosswinds", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 217, 104732.
  23. Kaewunruen, S. and Chiengson, C. (2018), "Railway track inspection and maintenance priorities due to dynamic coupling effects of dipped rails and differential track settlements", Eng. Fail. Anal., 93, 157-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2018.07.009
  24. Kang, G. (2016), "Influence and control strategy for local settlement for high-speed railway infrastructure", Eng.-Prc., 2(3), 374-379. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.ENG.2016.03.014
  25. Kwon, H., Park, Y., Lee, D. and Kim, M. (2001), "Wind tunnel experiments on Korean high-speed trains using various ground simulation techniques", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 89(13), 1179-1195. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(01)00107-6
  26. Li, Y., Hu, P., Cai, C.S., Zhang, M. and Qiang, S. (2013), "Wind tunnel study of a sudden change of train wind loads due to the wind shielding effects of bridge towers and passing trains", J. Eng. Mech., 139(9), 1249-1259. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000559
  27. Li, Y., Qiang, S., Liao, H. and Xu, Y.L. (2005), "Dynamics of wind-rail vehicle-bridge systems", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 93(6), 483-507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2005.04.001
  28. Liu, D., Tomasini, G.M., Cheli, F., Zhong, M., Zhang, L. and Lu, Z. (2022), "Effect of aerodynamic force change caused by car-body rolling on train overturning safety under strong wind conditions", Vehicle Syst. Dyn., 60(2), 433-453. https://doi.org/10.1080/00423114.2020.1817508
  29. Ma, L., Zhou, D., Han, W., Wu, J. and Liu, J. (2016), "Transient aerodynamic forces of a vehicle passing through a bridge tower's wake region in crosswind environment", Wind Struct., 22(2), 211-234. https://doi.org/10.12989/was.2016.22.2.211.
  30. Niu, J., Zhou, D., Liang, X., Liu, T. and Liu, S. (2017), "Numerical study on the aerodynamic pressure of a metro train running between two adjacent platforms", Tunn. Undergr. Sp. Tech., 65, 187-199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2017.03.006
  31. Paixao, A., Fortunato, E. and Calcada, R. (2015), "The effect of differential settlements on the dynamic response of the train-track system: A numerical study", Eng. Struct., 88, 216-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.01.044
  32. Premoli, A., Rocchi, D., Schito, P. and Tomasini, G. (2016), "Comparison between steady and moving railway vehicles subjected to crosswind by CFD analysis", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 156, 29-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2016.07.006
  33. Shan, Y., Wang, B., Zhang, J. and Zhou, S. (2021), "The influence of dynamic loading and thermal conditions on tram track slab damage resulting from subgrade differential settlement", Eng. Fail. Anal., 128, 105610.
  34. Shan, Y., Zhou, S., Zhou, H., Wang, B., Zhao, Z., Shu, Y. and Yu, Z. (2017), "Iterative method for predicting uneven settlement caused by high-speed train loads in transition-zone subgrade", Transport. Res. Record: J. Transport. Res. Board., 2607(1), 7-14. https://doi.org/10.3141/2607-02
  35. Soper, D., Baker, C., Jackson, A., Milne, D.R., Le Pen, L., Watson, G. and Powrie, W. (2017), "Full scale measurements of train underbody flows and track forces", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 169, 251-264. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2017.07.023
  36. Suzuki, M., Tanemoto, K. and Maeda, T. (2003), "Aerodynamic characteristics of train/vehicles under cross winds", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 91(1), 209-218. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-6105(02)00346-X
  37. Thomas, D., Diedrichs, B., Berg, M. and Stichel, S. (2010), "Dynamics of a high-speed rail vehicle negotiating curves at unsteady crosswind", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit., 224(6), 567-579. https://doi.org/10.1243/09544097JRRT335
  38. Tong, F., Gao, L., Miao, S., Xin, T., Cai, X. and An, B. (2021), "Research on the evaluation criteria for safety state of train operation based on the scaled model", Eng. Fail. Anal., 127, 105481.
  39. Wei, L., Zeng, J., Gao, H. and Qu, S. (2022), "On-board measurement of aerodynamic loads for high-speed trains negotiating transitions in windbreak walls", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 222, 104923.
  40. Yang, W., Deng, E., Lei, M., Zhang, P. and Yin, R. (2018), "Flow structure and aerodynamic behavior evolution during train entering tunnel with entrance in crosswind", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 175, 229-243. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2018.01.018
  41. Yao, Z., Zhang, N., Chen, X., Zhang, C., Xia, H. and Li, X. (2020), "The effect of moving train on the aerodynamic performances of train-bridge system with a crosswind", Eng. Appl. Comp. Fluid., 14(1), 222-235.
  42. Zou, S., He, X. and Wang, H. (2020), "Numerical investigation on the crosswind effects on a train running on a bridge", Eng. Appl. Comp. Fluid., 14(1), 1458-1471. https://doi.org/10.1080/19942060.2020.1832920
  43. Zhang, K., Zhang, X. and Zhou, S. (2023), "Analysis on dynamic behavior of 400 km/h high-speed train system under differential settlement of subgrade", Eng. Struct., 278, 115521.
  44. Zhang, M., and Xiao, H., (2020), "Track Mechanical Analysis under Strong Cross Wind Based on Fluid-Solid Coupling", J. Southwest Jiaotong Uni., 55(05), 1094-1102.
  45. Zhang, X., Burrow, M. and Zhou, S. (2016), "An investigation of subgrade differential settlement on the dynamic response of the vehicle-track system", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F: Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit., 230(7), 1760-1773. https://doi.org/10.1177/0954409715613538
  46. Zhong, Y., Ma, C., Gao, L., Cai, X. and Zhao, W. (2021), "Theoretical research on evaluation index of uneven settlement of ballastless track subgrade based on vehicle response", Eng. Mech., 38(12), 147-157.