Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Annual Changes in the Distribution of Bolboschoenus planiculmis in the Eulsuk-Island, Nakdong River Estuary

낙동강하구 을숙도 새섬매자기(Bolboschoenus planiculmis) 군락 변화 연구

  • Hee Sun Park (Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Gea-Jae Joo (Department of Integrated Biological Sciences, Pusan National University) ;
  • Wonho Lee (Nakdong Estuary Eco Center) ;
  • Ji Yoon Kim (Department of Biological Science, Kunsan National University) ;
  • Gu-Yeon Kim (Department of Sciences Education, Kyungnam University)
  • Received : 2023.09.18
  • Accepted : 2023.09.24
  • Published : 2023.09.30
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Abstract

This study analyzed the relationship between distribution of Bolboschoenus planiculmis which is main food source of swans (national monument species) with environmental factors, discharge, rainfall, and salinity in Eulsuk-do from 2020 to 2023. The distribution area of B. planiculmis in Eulsuk tidal flat was 103,672m2 in 2020, 95,240 m2 in 2021, 88,163 m2 in 2022, and 110,879 m2 in 2023, and represents a sharp decrease compared to the 400,925 m2 area recorded in 2004. From 2020 to 2023, the growth densities of B. planiculmis were 243.6±12.5 m-2, 135.45±7.38 m-2, 51.10±2.54 m-2, and 238.20±16.36 m-2, respectively, and the biomass was 199.89±28.01 gDW m-2, 18.57±5.12 gDW m-2, 6.55±1.12 gDW m-2, and 153.53±25.43 gDW m-2 in 2020, 2023, 2021, and 2022, respectively. Based on discharge during May~July, which affects plant growth, the left gate discharge of the estuary barrage from 2020 to 2023 was 62,322 m3 sec-1, 33,329 m3 sec-1, 6,810 m3 sec-1, and 93,641 m3 sec-1, respectively; rainfall was 1,136 mm, 799 mm, 297 mm, and 993 mm, respectively; and average salinity was 14.7±9.4 psu, 21.1±4.7 psu, 26.1±2.7 psu, and 14.5±11.1 psu, respectively. In 2022, cumulative rainfall (978 mm, about 70% of the 30-year average) and discharge (43,226 m3 sec-1) decreased sharply, resulting in the highest mean salinity (25.46 psu), and the distribution area, density, and biomass of the B. planiculmis decreased sharply. In 2023, there was a rise in discharge with an increase in rainfall, leading to a decrease in salinity. Consequently, this environmental change facilitated the recovery of B. planiculmis growth.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 논문은 2023년도 부산녹색환경지원센터의 연구 사업비 지원을 받아 수행되었습니다(연구과제번호; 23-2-70-76).

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