Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment (생태와환경)

The Korean Society of Limnology (한국수생태학회)
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Detection of Freshwater Jellyfish (Craspedacusta sowerbii Lankester, 1880) by Biofilm eDNA in Miho River Watershed

미호강 수계 생물막의 환경유전자를 이용한 담수해파리 (Craspedacusta sowerbii Lankester, 1880) 유전자 탐색

  • Keonhee Kim (Human and Eco-Care Center (HECC), Konkuk University) ;
  • Hyeonjin Cho (Human and Eco-Care Center (HECC), Konkuk University) ;
  • Jeong-Hui Kim (Eco Research Incorporated) ;
  • Yun-mo Yang (Geum-River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Hyunji Ju (Geum-River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research) ;
  • Hyun-Gi Jeong (Geum-River Environment Research Center, National Institute of Environmental Research)
  • 김건희 (건국대학교 휴먼앤에코케어센터) ;
  • 조현진 (건국대학교 휴먼앤에코케어센터) ;
  • 김정희 (주식회사 에코리서치) ;
  • 양윤모 (국립환경과학원 금강물환경연구소) ;
  • 주현지 (국립환경과학원 금강물환경연구소) ;
  • 정현기 (국립환경과학원 금강물환경연구소)
  • Received : 2023.08.28
  • Accepted : 2023.09.06
  • Published : 2023.09.30
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Abstract

Freshwater jellyfish, a type of jellyfish exclusively found in freshwater, has a limited number of species but is found globally. However, their ecology and causes of occurrence are largely unknown. Therefore, understanding the distribution of polyps, which produce the larvae of freshwater jellyfish, can provide important data for comprehending their ecology. This study aims to explore the COI gene of freshwater jellyfish using environmental DNA from the microbial film in the Miho River system. Among the 12 survey points in the Miho River watershed, genetic material of freshwater jellyfish was detected in 8 points, mainly located upstream near reservoirs. These genetic materials were identified as genes of the well-known freshwater jellyfish species, Craspedacusta sowerbii. Notably, the C. sowerbii genes found in the Miho River watershed survey points were closely related to a species previously discovered in Italy. Consequently, utilizing environmental DNA to explore the genetic traces of freshwater jellyfish enables rapid screening of areas with a high likelihood of freshwater jellyfish occurrence. This approach is deemed to provide crucial information for understanding the distribution and ecology of freshwater jellyfish in Korea.

담수해파리는 담수에서만 발견되는 해파리로써 다양성은 낮지만 전 세계적으로 보고 되고있다. 하지만 이들의 생태 및 발생 원인에 대해서는 정확하게 밝혀진 바가 없다. 따라서 모니터링을 통해 유생에서 폴립(polyp)단계를 통해 성장하는 담수해파리의 분포를 파악하는 것은 이들의 생태를 이해하는 데 중요하다. 본 연구는 미호강 수계 생물막(biofilm)의 환경유전자(eDNA)를 이용하여 담수해파리의 COI 유전자를 탐색하고 환경유전자를 이용한 담수해파리 탐색 가능성을 확인하고자 하였다. 미호강 수계 내 12개 지점 중 8개 지점에서 담수해파리 유전자가 확인되었으며, 대부분 상류에 저수지가 위치한 특성을 보였다. 이들 유전자는 대표적인 담수해파리로 알려진 소워비꽃모자해파리(Craspedacusta sowerbii)의 유전자로 확인되었으며 미호강 조사 지점에서 발견된 C. sowerbii는 이탈리아에서 발견된 종과 같은 계통이었다. 결과적으로 생물막의 환경유전자를 이용한 담수해파리 유전자 탐색방법은 담수해파리 출현 가능성이 높은 지역을 선택적으로 빠르게 선별(screening)할 수 있으며 이는 국내 담수해파리의 분포와 발생기작을 이해하는 데 중요한 단서를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 환경부의 재원으로 국립환경과학원(R&D) 연구사업(NIER-01-01-178) 지원을 받아 수행되었습니다.

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