한국중재학회지:중재연구 (Journal of Arbitration Studies)

한국중재학회 (The Korean Association of Arbitration Studies)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Intellectual Property Disputes in the Era of the Metaverse: Complexities of Cross-Border Justice and Arbitration Consideration

  • Kye Hwan Ryu (Korea Institute of Intellectual Property ) ;
  • Choong Mok Kwak (Yemyung Graduate University in Seoul, Supreme Court of the Australian Capital Territory, and the High Court of Australia )
  • 투고 : 2023.08.10
  • 심사 : 2023.09.01
  • 발행 : 2023.09.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The emergence of the metaverse, a complex three-dimensional virtual environment, has led to significant changes in the intellectual property (IP) landscape. This paper examines the challenges and legal intricacies of IP within the virtual realm, focusing on the unprecedented nature of these disputes and on the inadequacies of traditional jurisdiction methods. Drawing from international frameworks, including the International Law Association's Guidelines and WIPO's guides, the study critically explores arbitration as an alternate approach to metaverse IP disputes, analyzing its complexities and applicability. The paper further delves into challenges arising from diverse protection laws that pertain to the global nature of the metaverse, including the nuances of various digital assets like NFTs. By assessing jurisdictional difficulties, the paper addresses the adoption of decentralized justice platforms, and examines the role of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) methods, this paper presents a comprehensive view of the evolving virtual legal field. It suggests that while innovative methods are emerging, traditional arbitration will likely remain the preferred choice for complex disputes, offering a balance of speed, cost-effectiveness, and legal robustness within the virtual world.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Aouidef, Yann et al., (2021) Decentralized Justice: A Comparative Analysis of Blockchain Online Dispute Resolution Projects. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbloc.2021.564551/full.
  2. Ara, Tom K. et al., "Exploring the metaverse: What laws will apply?" (22 February 2022) DLA Piper 〈https://www.dlapiper.com/en/us/insights/publications/2022/02/exploring-the-metaverse/〉
  3. Bahuguna, Anmol, "Intellectual Property and Metaverse", International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR), Volume 11 Issue 9, September 2022, pp. 371-374, 372 https://www.ijsr.net/getabstract.php?paperid=SR22905165231. https://doi.org/10.21275/SR22107180146
  4. Berman, Paul Schiff, "Legal Jurisdiction and Virtual Social Life", Catholic University Journal of Law and Technology Volume 27 Issue 2 Spring 2019.
  5. Block, Marc Jonas, The Benefits of Alternative Dispute Resolution for International Commercial and Intellectual Property Disputes, 44 Rutgers L. REC. 1 (2016-2017).
  6. Bullain, Iciar Alvarez et al., Disputes in the era of meta worlds: the role of arbitration, Investment Arbitration Outlook Uria Menendez, n.º 10, 2022.
  7. Chae, Soo-Geun, Review Report on the Partial Amendment of the Trademark Act, Trade, Industry, Energy, SMES and Startups Committee, June 2021.
  8. Cho, Young Sun, "Review of Trademark Use Notion in Korean Trademark Law in Enactive Approach", The Justice, Vol. No.10, 2008. https://doi.org/10.18218/JMAS.2008.10.3.85
  9. Cooper, James M., ntellectual Property Piracy in the Time of the Metaverse, 63 IDEA 479 (2023).
  10. de Werra, Jacques (2012) "Can Alternative Dispute Resolution Mechanisms Become the Default Method for Solving International Intellectual Property Disputes?," California Western International Law Journal: Vol. 43: No. 1, Article 4.
  11. Dickenson, Andrew, The Rome II Regulation: The Law Applicable to Non-Contractual Obligations, Oxford university Press, 2008.
  12. Dinwoodie, Graeme B., "BOUNDARIES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY SYMPOSIUM : CROSSING BOUNDARIES : DEVELOPING A PRIVATE INTERNATIONAL INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW : THE DEMISE OF TERRITORIALITY?", 51 Wm. & Mary L. Rev. 711 (2009).
  13. Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market 2016/0280 (COD).
  14. Fukumoto, Wataru "International jurisdiction about intellectual property right with special reference to "intellectual property: principles governing jurisdiction, choice of law, and judgments in transnational disputes" by the American Law Institute", Institute of Intellectual Property Bulletin, 2005.
  15. Guide to Berne Convention for the Prot4ection of Literary and Artistic Works(Pars Act, 1971)(WIPO, 1978),
  16. Jon, WooJung. "International Disputes Resolution Related to Intellectual Property Rights in the Metaverse: On International Jurisdiction, Governing Law, and Arbitration Clauses," Korean Journal of International Trade and Business Law Vol.32 No.1, 2023.
  17. Kim, In-Ho, "The Application and Limitation of the Lex Loci Protectionis (the Law of the Country for which Protection Is Sought) for the Infringement of Intellectual Property Right", Human Rights and Justice, Vol. No.429, 2012.
  18. Kim, Wonoh, "Contending Legal Issues on the 'Trademark Use' under Trademark Law", Journal of Korea Infomation Law Vol.14 No.1, 2010.
  19. Kim, Yeon et al., Private International Law (2nd Edition), Bobmunsa, 2006.
  20. Korea Institute of Technology and the Law, 'A Study on the Private International Legal Issues of Copyright,' Ministry of Culture, Tourism and Sports, December 2003.
  21. Korea Intellectual Propert Office (KIPO), Intellectual Property in the Age of Digital Transformation: Focusing on the Metaverse, 2021.
  22. Kwak, Choong Mok, "Alternative Dispute Resolution in Genetic Resources and Traditional Knowledge: Settlement at the World Intellectual Property Arbitration and Mediation Center," Journal of Arbitration Studies. 29(3), 2019.
  23. Lee, Chul-Nam, "A study on copyright issues in Metaverse - Focusing on the spatial data of digital twin -", Journal of Business Administration & Law Vol.31 No.4, 2021.
  24. Lee, Ju-Yeon, "Identifying Effective Dispute Resolution Mechanisms for Intellectual Property Disputes in the International Context," Journal of Arbitration Studies. 25(3), 2015.
  25. Lee, Ju Yoen, "Jurisdiction in International Litigation over Intellectual Property Rights under the Korean Act on Private International Law of 2022: An Analysis of the General Part and the Special Part", Korea Private International Law Journal, Vol.28 No.1.
  26. Lee, Sung Ho, "International Jurisdiction and Governing Law in Cyberspace Intellectual Property Matters", The Justice Vol. No.72, 2003, p.195.
  27. Ministry of Justice, Commentary on Private International Law, 2001.
  28. Morris, P. Sean, From Territorial to Universal-The Extraterritoriality of Trademark Law and The Privatizing of Internatioanl Law, 37 Cardozo Arts & Ent. L.J. 33, 2019.
  29. Oh, Seung Jong et al., Copyright Law (4th Edituon), Parkyoungsa, 2005.
  30. PRELIMINARY DRAFT CONVENTION ON JURISDICTION AND FOREIGN JUDGMENTS IN CIVIL AND COMMERCIAL MATTERS, adopted by the Special Commission on 30 October 1999.
  31. Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on Copyright in the Digital Single Market, 2016 (COM).
  32. Ryu, Kye Hwan, "A Study on Intellectual Property Rights Litigations and Governing Law", Korea Private International Law Journal, Vol.19 No.2, 2013.
  33. Sohn, Kyung Han, "International Developments in Electronic Commerce Legislation", The Justice Vol.35 No.4, 2002.
  34. Sohn, Kyung Han, "New Approach for Conflict of Laws Rules on Intellectual Property," KOPILA Journal, Vol.27 No.1, 2021
  35. Suk, Kwang-Hyun, "Electronic Commerce and International Jurisdiction", Internet Law Journal Vol. No. 2, 2003.
  36. Suk, Kwang-Hyun, Commentary on Private International Law of 2001 (2nd Edition), Jisan, 2003.
  37. Suk, Kwang-Hyun, Private International Law and International Litigation (5th Edition), Parkyoungsa, 2012.
  38. Suk, Kwang-Hyun, "Regulation, Jurisdiction, and Governing Law of Cloud Computing," LAW & TECHNOLOGY, Vol.7 No.5, 2011.
  39. Yi, Lori, "Recent Trends and Use of International Commercial Mediation in The Area of Intellectual Property Rights - Focused on the WIPO Mediation," Journal of Arbitration Studies. 31(2), 2021.
  40. Wang, Sang-Han, "Electronic Commerce and Jurisdiction", International Trade Law, Vol. No.27, 1996.
  41. WIPO and the HCCH, "When Private International Law Meets Intellectual Property Law A Guide for Judges", 2019.