Clean Technology (청정기술)

The Korean Society of Clean Technology (한국청정기술학회)
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Research Trends of Ni-based Catalysts on Steam Reforming of Bio-oils for H2 Production: A Review

수소 생산을 위한 바이오오일 수증기 개질 반응에서의 니켈계 촉매 연구동향

  • Da Hae Lee (Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Hyeon Myeong Seo (Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Yun Ha Song (Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University) ;
  • Jaekyoung Lee (Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University)
  • 이다해 (부경대학교 화학공학과) ;
  • 서현명 (부경대학교 화학공학과) ;
  • 송윤하 (부경대학교 화학공학과) ;
  • 이재경 (부경대학교 화학공학과)
  • Received : 2023.08.08
  • Accepted : 2023.08.22
  • Published : 2023.09.30
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Abstract

Hydrogen has been gaining a lot of attention as a possible clean energy source that can aid in reaching carbon neutrality. Currently, hydrogen production has relied on the steam reforming of fossil fuels. However, due to the carbon dioxide emissions caused by this process, hydrogen production based on the steam reforming of bio-oil derived from biomass has been proposed as an alternative approach. In order to use this alternative approach efficiently, one of the key issues that must be overcome is that the complexity of bio-oil, which has a large molecular weight and diverse functional groups of hydrocarbons, promotes the catalytic deactivation of nickel-based catalysts. In this review, research efforts to improve nickel-based catalysts for the steam reforming of bio-oil have been discussed in terms of the active phase, support, and promoters. The active phases are involved in activating C-C and C-H bonds of high-molecular-weight hydrocarbons, and noble and transition metals can be utilized. In terms of the support and promoters, the catalytic deactivation of Ni-based catalysts can be inhibited by utilizing reactive lattice oxygen for support or by suppressing the acidity. The development of active and stable Ni-based reforming catalysts plays a critical role in clean hydrogen production based on bio-oils.

최근 탄소중립을 위한 청정에너지로 주목받고 있는 수소는 기존에 화석연료의 수증기 개질 반응을 통한 생산에 의존해왔다. 하지만, 이산화탄소의 방출로 인한 한계가 있어 바이오매스 유래 바이오오일의 수증기 개질 반응이 대안으로 제안되고 있다. 바이오오일의 큰 분자량과 다양한 작용기를 가진 탄화수소들이 섞여 있는 복잡성으로 인해 Ni/Al2O3 개질 촉매의 비활성화되는 문제가 발생해 니켈계 촉매의 개선이 필요하다. 본 총설에서는 바이오오일의 수증기 개질 반응에 이용되는 니켈계 촉매의 개선을 활성상, 담체 및 조촉매의 관점에서 정리했다. 활성상은 고분자의 탄화수소들의 C-C, C-H 결합을 끊어 분해 및 전환하고, 귀금속 및 전이금속이 활용될 수 있다. 담체 및 조촉매는 격자산소를 이용하거나 산점을 억제해 촉매의 비활성화의 주요원인인 탄소 침적을 억제하는 방식으로 촉매를 개선할 수 있다. 바이오오일에 기반한 청정수소 생산에 있어 우수한 성능의 개질 촉매 개발은 중요한 역할을 할 것이다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

이 논문은 부경대학교 자율창의학술연구비(2021년)에 의하여 연구되었음.

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