Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies (한국지리정보학회지)

The Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies (한국지리정보학회)
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A Study on Spatial Data Integration using Graph Database: Focusing on Real Estate

그래프 데이터베이스를 활용한 공간 데이터 통합 방안 연구: 부동산 분야를 중심으로

  • Ju-Young KIM (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Seula PARK (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University) ;
  • Ki-Yun YU (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University)
  • 김주영 (서울대학교 건설환경공학부) ;
  • 박슬아 (서울대학교 건설환경공학부) ;
  • 유기윤 (서울대학교 건설환경공학부)
  • Received : 2023.06.27
  • Accepted : 2023.08.14
  • Published : 2023.09.30
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Abstract

Graph databases, which store different types of data and their relationships modeled as a graph, can be effective in managing and analyzing real estate spatial data linked by complex relationships. However, they are not widely used due to the limited spatial functionalities of graph databases. In this study, we propose a uniform grid-based real estate spatial data management approach using a graph database to respond to various real estate-related spatial questions. By analyzing the real estate community to identify relevant data and utilizing national point numbers as unit grids, we construct a graph schema that linking diverse real estate data, and create a test database. After building a test database, we tested basic topological relationships and spatial functions using the Jackpine benchmark, and further conducted query tests based on various scenarios to verify the appropriateness of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method successfully executed 25 out of 29 spatial topological relationships and spatial functions, and achieved about 97% accuracy for the 25 functions and 15 scenarios. The significance of this study lies in proposing an efficient data integration method that can respond to real estate-related spatial questions, considering the limited spatial operation capabilities of graph databases. However, there are limitations such as the creation of incorrect spatial topological relationships due to the use of grid-based indexes and inefficiency of queries due to list comparisons, which need to be improved in follow-up studies.

그래프 데이터베이스는 다양한 유형의 데이터와 그 관계를 그래프로 모델링하여 적재하기 때문에 복잡한 관계로 연결될 수 있는 부동산 데이터를 관리하고 분석하는데 효과적일 수 있으나, 현재 제공되는 그래프 데이터베이스의 제한적인 공간 기능으로 인해 활발히 활용되지 못하고 있다. 이러한 배경에서, 본 연구에서는 다양한 부동산 공간 관련 질문들에 대응할 수 있도록 그래프 데이터베이스를 활용한 Uniform Grid 기반 부동산 공간 데이터 관리 방안을 제안한다. 핵심 데이터를 선정하기 위하여 부동산 커뮤니티의 관련 질의를 분석하였으며, 국가지점번호를 단위 Grid로 설정하고 다양한 부동산 관련 데이터들을 연결한 그래프 스키마를 구성하여 테스트 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. 데이터베이스 검증을 위해, Jackpine 벤치마크를 활용하여 기본 위상관계 및 공간함수를 테스트하였고, 나아가 다양한 시나리오 기반 질의 테스트를 수행함으로써 제안한 방법의 적절성을 검증하고자 하였다. 그 결과, 제안한 방법은 총 29개의 공간 위상관계와 공간함수 중 25개의 기능을 성공적으로 수행하였고, 25개의 기능과 15개의 시나리오에 대해 약 97%의 정확도를 달성하였다. 본 연구는 그래프 데이터베이스의 제한적인 공간 기능을 고려하여, 부동산 관련 공간 질문에 대응할 수 있는 효율적인 데이터 통합방안을 제안하였다는 점에서 의의를 가진다. 그러나 그리드 기반 인덱스 사용으로 인한 잘못된 공간 위상관계 생성 문제 및 리스트 비교에 따른 질의의 비효율성에 대한 한계점이 존재하며, 이는 후속 연구에서 개선할 필요가 있다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 국토교통부/국토교통과학기술진흥원의 지원으로 수행되었음(과제번호 RS-2022-00143336)

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