The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services (한국응급구조학회지)

The Korea Society of Emergency Medical Services (한국응급구조학회)
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Comparison of resource allocation criteria and status of 119 emergency medical services in South Korea and Japan: exploring optimal resource allocation strategies for regional EMS

한국과 일본의 119구급자원 배치 기준 및 현황 비교: 지역별 119구급자원의 적정 배치 방안 모색을 중심으로

  • Hyeji Kwon (Hanyang University, Graduate School of Public Health) ;
  • Hyungsub Kim (Eulji University, Department of paramedicine) ;
  • Youngjeon Shin (Hanyang University, School of Medicine, Graduate School of Public Health)
  • 권혜지 (한양대학교 일반대학원 보건학과) ;
  • 김형섭 (을지대학교 응급구조학과) ;
  • 신영전 (한양대학교 의과대학 예방의학교실, 보건대학원)
  • Received : 2023.07.09
  • Accepted : 2023.08.28
  • Published : 2023.08.31
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Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to compare 119 emergency medical services (EMS) in South Korea and Japan to provide essential data for EMS improvement in South Korea. Methods: Recent data and regulations on firefighting and EMS in South Korea and Japan were analyzed and compared. Results: South Korea follows a centralized approach to EMS, whereas Japan operates with autonomous bodies that establish their own criteria. Japan considers more regional variables than South Korea. In South Korea, there are shortages in fire station deployment among the 119 emergency medical resources in certain regions, leading to significant regional disparities. South Korea has a larger population served by its 119 emergency medical resources with a higher workload and dispatch numbers than Japan. The percentage of non-transported patients among the total number of dispatches was higher in South Korea. Conclusion: Increasing the number of medical professionals and ambulances per population to the level of Japan to reflect local conditions and include various underlying variables such as daytime population, aging, and emergency dispatch conditions in the deployment of 119 emergency resources, and to reduce the deployment gap between regions, will contribute to improving the performance of the South Korea EMS system.

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