Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry (대한소아치과학회지)

Korean Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (대한소아치과학회)
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Utilization of an Artificial Intelligence Program Using the Greulich-Pyle Method to Evaluate Bone Age in the Skeletal Maturation Stage

골 성숙도 단계의 골령 평가를 위한 Greulich-Pyle 방법을 이용한 인공지능 프로그램의 활용

  • Jihoon Kim (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University) ;
  • Hyejun Seo (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University) ;
  • Soyoung Park (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Pusan National University Dental Hospital) ;
  • Eungyung Lee (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University) ;
  • Taesung Jeong (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University) ;
  • Ok Hyung Nam (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital) ;
  • Sungchul Choi (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital) ;
  • Jonghyun Shin (Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Dental and Life Science Institute, Pusan National University)
  • 김지훈 (부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 소아치과학교실 및 치의생명과학연구소) ;
  • 서혜준 (부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 소아치과학교실 및 치의생명과학연구소) ;
  • 박소영 (부산대학교 치과병원 소아치과 및 치의학연구소) ;
  • 이은경 (부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 소아치과학교실 및 치의생명과학연구소) ;
  • 정태성 (부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 소아치과학교실 및 치의생명과학연구소) ;
  • 남옥형 (경희대학교 치과병원 소아치과) ;
  • 최성철 (경희대학교 치과병원 소아치과) ;
  • 신종현 (부산대학교 치의학전문대학원 소아치과학교실 및 치의생명과학연구소)
  • Received : 2022.10.07
  • Accepted : 2022.11.30
  • Published : 2023.02.28
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Abstract

The purpose of this study was to measure bone age using an artificial intelligence program based on the Greulich-Pyle (GP) method to find out the bone age corresponding to each stage of cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) and the middle phalanx of the third finger (MP3). This study was conducted on 3,118 patients who visited pediatric dentistry at Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital and Pusan National University Dental Hospital from 2013 to 2021. The CVM stage was divided into 5 stages according to the classification by Baccetti, and the MP3 stage was divided into 5 stages according to the methods of Hägg and Taranger. Based on the GP method, bone age was evaluated using an artificial intelligence program. The pubertal growth spurt in the CVM stage was CVM II and III. The mean bone age in CVM II was 11.00 ± 1.81 years for males and 10.00 ± 1.49 years for females, and in CVM III, 13.00 ± 1.46 years for males and 12.00 ± 1.44 years for females (p < 0.0001). The pubertal growth spurt in the MP3 stage was MP3 - G stage. The bone age at the MP3 - G stage was 13.14 ± 1.07 years for males and 11.40 ± 1.09 years for females (p < 0.0001). Bone age evaluation using artificial intelligence is worth using in clinical practice, and it is expected that a faster and more accurate diagnosis will be possible.

이 연구의 목적은 Greulich-Pyle (GP)방법을 기반으로 한 인공지능 프로그램을 이용해 골령을 측정하고 경추골 성숙도(Cervical vertebral maturation, CVM)와 중지 중절골 성숙도(Middle phalanx of the third finger, MP3) 각 단계에 해당하는 골령을 파악하는 것이다. 연구는 2013년부터 2021년까지 경희대학교와 부산대학교 치과병원 소아치과에 내원한 총 3,118명을 대상으로 하였다. CVM은 Baccetti 분류에 따라 5단계로 나누었고, MP3는 Hägg와 Taranger 의 방법에 따라 5단계로 나누었다. 골령은 GP 방법 기반의 인공지능 프로그램을 통해 평가하였다. 최대 성장기의 CVM 단계는 II, III로 CVM II의 평균 골령은 남자 11.00 ± 1.81세, 여자 10.00 ± 1.49세였고, III는 남자 13.00 ± 1.46세, 여자 12.00 ± 1.44세였다(p < 0.0001). MP3 최대 성장기는 G 단계로 평균 골령은 남자 13.14 ± 1.07세, 여자 11.40 ± 1.09세였다(p < 0.0001). 인공지능을 통한 골령 평가는 임상적 활용 가치가 있으며 신속하고 정확한 진단이 가능할 것으로 예상된다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No.2020R1G1A1011629).

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