Journal of Environmental Science International (한국환경과학회지)

The Korean Environmental Sciences Society (한국환경과학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Regional Distribution Aspect of Swans(Cygnus spp.) in the Nakdong River Downstream Area from October 2013 to September 2018, Busan, R. O. Korea

낙동강하류역에서 2010년 중반기 고니류(Cygnus spp.)의 권역별 서식 현황

  • Received : 2023.07.18
  • Accepted : 2023.08.18
  • Published : 2023.08.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Understanding the regional distribution of swans in the lower Nakdong River area is also important for the continuous habitat of swans according to changes in the surrounding environment of the area. This study was conducted to understand the regional distribution aspect of swans (Cygnus spp.) downstream of the Nakdong River, Republic of Korea, from October 2013 to September 2018. In the estuary, a small ship was used to move along a certain route and observe it with the naked eye or binoculars, and in the land area, Line transect census and Point census method were conducted in parallel. During this period, two species and 34,647 individuals of swans were observed, including 34,356 Whooper Swans (Cygnus cygnus) and 291 Tundra Swans (Cygnus columbianus). The average number of individuals observed in 15 different areas was 1172, 103, 214, 1825, 1850, 13, 318, 1, 0, 1, 11, 21, 5, 0, and 239 respectively. The total average of the number of individuals in these areas was 384.76. The numbers differed significantly among the survey areas (Kruskal-Wallis test, X2=4349.01, P < 0.001). Particularly, the numbers were larger in Eulsukdo, Lower Eulsukdo, and Daemadeung than in the other regions. In conclusion, as long-term survey data, it can be used as basic data to analyze the distribution of swans due to environmental changes caused by the development of the Nakdong River, predict changes in the habitat status of migratory birds, and prepare measures necessary for preservation.

Keywords

References

  1. BDI, 2011, Nakdong estuarine ecosystem monitoring. Busan Metropolitan City.
  2. Bibby, C. J., Burgess, N. D., Hill, D. A., 1993, Bird census techniques, Academic Press, London, UK.
  3. Hong, S. B., 1997, Fauna of water birds and breeding behavior of Little Tern and Kentish Plover in the Nakdong Estuary, R.O.Korea. D.Thesis, Hokkaido Univ. Hokkaido, Japan.
  4. Hong, S. B., 2003, The avifauna of Nakdong Estuary, Korean J. Orni., 10, 51-63.
  5. Hong, S. B., 2004, Regional characteristics of bird in Nakdong Estuary, Korean J. Ecol., 27(5), 269-281. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2004.27.5.269
  6. Hong, S. B., 2005, A Research for shorebirds on the southernmost of Nakdong Estuary, Korean J. Ecol., 28(4), 199-206. https://doi.org/10.5141/JEFB.2005.28.4.199
  7. Hong, S. B., Lee, I. S., 2012a, Visitation pattern of common Shelduck(Tadorna tadona) and using the winter places as Nakdong Estuary, Busan, Republic of Korea, Korean J. Orni., 19(1), 13-21.
  8. Hong, S. B., 2018, Regional characteristics of Geese (Anser spp.) at Nakdong River Basin from October 2008 to September 2013, Busan, R. O. Korea. Korean J. Orni., 25(1), 40-47. https://doi.org/10.30980/KJO.2018.06.25.1.40
  9. Hong, S. B., Hong, J. P., 2023, Regional distribution characteristics of Swans(Cygnus spp.) in Nakdong River downstream from October 2008 to September 2013, Busan, R. O. Korea. Journal of Environmental Science International, 32(7), 493-502.
  10. Lee, I. S., Hong, S. B., 2008, Understanding the visitation aspect of dabbling Ducks(Anas spp.) in the long period at Nakdong Estuary, Busan, Republic of Korea. Korean J. Env. Ecol., 22(6), 625-631.
  11. Lee, J. N., Lee, W. H., Kim, M. G., 2022, A Study on the wintering distribution of the Whooper Swan (Cygnus cygnus) within the lower Nakdong River, Busan city. Korean J. Orni., 29(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.30980/kjo.2022.6.29.1.1
  12. Luigujoe, L., 2018, Vaikeluige (Cygnus columbianus bewickii Yarr.) kaitse tegevuskava, [Bewick's Swan Single Species Action Plan in Estonia.] Environmental Board, Tallinn, Estonia.
  13. NIBR, 2014, 2014 Winter Waterbird Census of Korea, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon.
  14. NIBR, 2018, 2017-2018 Winter Waterbird Census of Korea, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon.
  15. Rees, E. C., Cao, L., Clausen, P., Coleman, J. T., Cornely, J., Einarsson, O., Ely, C. R., Kingsford, R. T., Ma, M., Mitchell, C. D., Nagy, S., Shimada, T., Snyder, J., Solovyeva, D. V., Tijsen, W., Vilina, Y., Wlodarczyk, R., 2019, Conservation status of the world's swan populations, Cygnus sp. and Coscoroba sp.: a review of current trends and gaps in knowledge. Wildfowl (Special Issue No. 5), 35-72.
  16. Swan Symposium, 2019, Current trends and future directions in swan research: insights from the 6th International Swan Symposium. Wildfowl (Special Issue 5), 1-34.
  17. The Ornithological Society of Korea, 2009, Checklist of the Birds of Korea.
  18. Thomas, C. D., Lennon, J. J., 1999, Birds extend their ranges northwards, Nature, 399, 213.