Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Development of a Magnetic Bead-Based Method for Specific Detection of Enterococcus faecalis Using C-Terminal Domain of ECP3 Phage Endolysin

  • Yoon-Jung Choi (Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Shukho Kim (Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Jungmin Kim (Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Kyungpook National University)
  • Received : 2023.02.27
  • Accepted : 2023.04.10
  • Published : 2023.07.28
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Abstract

Bacteriophage endolysins are peptidoglycan hydrolases composed of cell binding domain (CBD) and an enzymatically active domain. A phage endolysin CBD can be used for detecting bacteria owing to its high specificity and sensitivity toward the bacterial cell wall. We aimed to develop a method for detection of Enterococcus faecalis using an endolysin CBD. The gene encoding the CBD of ECP3 phage endolysin was cloned into the Escherichia coli expression vector pET21a. A recombinant protein with a C-terminal 6-His-tag (CBD) was expressed and purified using a His-trap column. CBD was adsorbed onto epoxy magnetic beads (eMBs). The bacterial species specificity and sensitivity of bacterial binding to CBD-eMB complexes were determined using the bacterial colony counting from the magnetic separations after the binding reaction between bacteria and CBD-eMB complexes. E. faecalis could bind to CBD-eMB complexes, but other bacteria (such as Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter baumannii, Streptococcus mutans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis) could not. E. faecalis cells were fixed onto CBD-eMB complexes within 1 h, and >78% of viable E. faecalis cells were recovered. The E. faecalis recovery ratio was not affected by the other bacterial species. The detection limit of the CBD-eMB complex for E. faecalis was >17 CFU/ml. We developed a simple method for the specific detection of E. faecalis using bacteriophage endolysin CBD and MBs. This is the first study to determine that the C-terminal region of ECP3 phage endolysin is a highly specific binding site for E. faecalis among other bacterial species.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Ministry of Education and the Korea government Ministry of Science and ICT (MSIT), grant numbers NRF-2017R1D1A3-B06032486 and NRF-2022R1F1A1073686, respectively.

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