International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security

국제컴퓨터통신보호논문지학회 (International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Wearable and Implantable Sensors for Cardiovascular Monitoring: A Review

  • 투고 : 2023.07.05
  • 발행 : 2023.07.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

The cardiovascular syndrome is the dominant reason for death and the number of deaths due to this syndrome has greatly increased recently. Regular cardiac monitoring is crucial in controlling heart parameters, particularly for initial examination and precautions. The quantity of cardiac patients is rising each day and it would increase the load of work for doctors/nurses in handling the patients' situation. Hence, it needed a solution that might benefit doctors/nurses in monitoring the improvement of the health condition of patients in real-time and likewise assure decreasing medical treatment expenses. Regular heart monitoring via wireless body area networks (WBANs) including implantable and wearable medical devices is contemplated as a life-changing technique for medical assistance. This article focuses on the latest development in wearable and implantable devices for cardiovascular monitoring. First, we go through the wearable devices for the electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring. Then, we reviewed the implantable devices for Blood Pressure (BP) monitoring. Subsequently, the evaluation of leading wearable and implantable sensors for heart monitoring mentioned over the previous six years, the current article provides uncertain direction concerning the description of diagnostic effectiveness, thus intending on making discussion in the technical communal to permit aimed at the formation of well-designed techniques. The article is concluded by debating several technical issues in wearable and implantable technology and their possible potential solutions for conquering these challenges.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Wu, Jiandong, et al. "Lab-on-a-chip platforms for detection of cardiovascular disease and cancer biomarkers." Sensors 17.12 (2017): 2934. 
  2. Khan, Yasser, et al. "Monitoring of vital signs with flexible and wearable medical devices." Advanced Materials 28.22 (2016): 4373-4395.  https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201504366
  3. Hong, Yongseok Joseph, et al. "Multifunctional Wearable System that Integrates Sweat-Based Sensing and Vital-Sign Monitoring to Estimate Pre-/Post-Exercise Glucose Levels." Advanced Functional Materials 28.47 (2018): 1805754. 
  4. Blankestijn, Peter J., and Michiel L. Bots. "Hypertension: Device therapy for uncontrolled hypertension: new approaches to an old problem." Nature Reviews Nephrology 13.12 (2017): 725. 
  5. Sollu, Tan S., M. Bachtiar, and Adri G. Sooai. "Patients' heart monitoring system based on wireless sensor network." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. Vol. 336. No. 1. IOP Publishing, 2018. 
  6. Cima, Michael J. "Next-generation wearable electronics." Nature biotechnology 32.7 (2014): 642-643.  https://doi.org/10.1038/nbt.2952
  7. Michard, Frederic. "A sneak peek into digital innovations and wearable sensors for cardiac monitoring." Journal of clinical monitoring and computing 31.2 (2017): 253-259.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10877-016-9925-6
  8. An, Byeong Wan, et al. "Smart sensor systems for wearable electronic devices." Polymers 9.8 (2017): 303. 
  9. Michard, Frederic. "Hemodynamic monitoring in the era of digital health." Annals of intensive care 6.1 (2016): 15. 
  10. Murray, Timothy, and Shankar Krishnan. "Medical Wearables for Monitoring Cardiovascular Diseases."
  11. Majumder, Sumit, et al. "Noncontact wearable wireless ECG systems for long-term monitoring." IEEE reviews in biomedical engineering 11 (2018): 306-321.  https://doi.org/10.1109/RBME.2018.2840336
  12. Cirkovic, Predrag, and Anda Aleksic. "Processing of Medical Signals (ECG) in Wireless Sensor Networks." The IPSI BgD Transactions on Internet Research: 24. 
  13. Murray, Timothy, and Shankar Krishnan. "Medical Wearables for Monitoring Cardiovascular Diseases." 
  14. S. Majumder et al., "Smart Homes for Elderly Healthcare-Recent Advances and Research Challenges," Sensors, vol. 17, no. 11, p. 2496,2017. 
  15. E. Spano, S. D. Pascoli, and G. Iannaccone, "Low-Power Wearable ECG Monitoring System for Multiple-Patient Remote Monitoring," IEEE Sensors Journal, vol. 16, no. 13, pp. 5452-5462, Jul. 2016  https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2016.2564995
  16. E. S. Winokur, M. K. Delano, and C. G. Sodini, "A Wearable Cardiac Monitor for Long-Term Data Acquisition and Analysis," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 60, no. 1, pp. 189-192,2013.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2012.2217958
  17. K. C. Tseng et al., "Development of a Wearable Mobile Electrocardiogram Monitoring System by Using Novel Dry Foam Electrodes," IEEE Systems Journal, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 900-906, 2014.  https://doi.org/10.1109/JSYST.2013.2260620
  18. Y. Ye-Lin et al., "Wireless sensor node for non-invasive high precision electrocardiographic signal acquisition based on a multiring electrode," Measurement, vol. 97, pp. 195-202, 2017.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2016.11.009
  19. Nemati, Ebrahim, M. Jamal Deen, and Tapas Mondal. "A wireless wearable ECG sensor for long-term applications." IEEE Communications Magazine 50.1 (2012): 36-43.  https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.2012.6122530
  20. J. Wang, T. Fujiwara, T. Kato, and D. Anzai, "Wearable ECG Based on Impulse-Radio-Type Human Body Communication," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 63, no. 9, pp. 1887-1894, 2016.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TBME.2015.2504998
  21. Komensky, Tomas, et al. "Ultra-wearable capacitive coupled and common electrode-free ECG monitoring system." 2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2012. 
  22. Chen, Chih-Yuan, et al. "A low-power bio-potential acquisition system with flexible PDMS dry electrodes for portable ubiquitous healthcare applications." Sensors 13.3 (2013): 3077-3091.  https://doi.org/10.3390/s130303077
  23. F. Sun, C. Yi, W. Li, and Y. Li, "A wearable H-shirt for exercise ECG monitoring and individual lactate threshold computing," Computers in Industry, vol. 92-93, pp. 1-11, 2017.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2017.06.004
  24. Y. Wang et al., "A Wearable Wireless ECG Monitoring System With Dynamic Transmission Power Control for Long-Term Homecare," Journal of Medical Systems, vol. 39, no. 3, 2015. 
  25. V. P. Rachim and W.-Y. Chung, "Wearable Noncontact Armband forMobile ECG Monitoring System," IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 1112-1118, 2016.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TBCAS.2016.2519523
  26. E.-M. Fong and W.-Y. Chung, "Mobile Cloud-Computing-Based Healthcare Service by Noncontact ECG Monitoring," Sensors, vol. 13, no. 12, pp. 16451-16473, Feb. 2013.  https://doi.org/10.3390/s131216451
  27. B.-S. Lin et al., "Development of Novel Non-Contact Electrodes for Mobile Electrocardiogram Monitoring System," IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in Health and Medicine, vol. 1, pp. 1-8, 2013  https://doi.org/10.1109/JTEHM.2013.2253598
  28. Poungponsri, Suranai, and Xiao-Hua Yu. "An adaptive filtering approach for electrocardiogram (ECG) signal noise reduction using neural networks." Neurocomputing 117 (2013): 206-213.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neucom.2013.02.010
  29. Agante, P. M., and JP Marques De Sa. "ECG noise filtering using wavelets with soft-thresholding methods." Computers in Cardiology 1999. Vol. 26 (Cat. No. 99CH37004). IEEE, 1999. 
  30. Li, Hongqiang, et al. "Denoising and R-peak detection of electrocardiogram signal based on EMD and improved approximate envelope." Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing 33.4 (2014): 1261-1276.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-013-9691-3
  31. Jenitta, J., and A. Rajeswari. "Denoising of ECG signal based on improved adaptive filter with EMD and EEMD." 2013 IEEE Conference on Information & Communication Technologies. IEEE, 2013. 
  32. (2020) "Smart Wearable ECG EKG Monitor" Qardio,. [Online]. Available: https://www.getqardio.com/. 
  33. Barrett, Paddy M., et al. "Comparison of 24-hour Holter monitoring with 14-day novel adhesive patch electrocardiographic monitoring." The American journal of medicine 127.1 (2014): 95-e11. 
  34. Sana, Furrukh, et al. "Wearable devices for ambulatory cardiac monitoring: JACC state-of-the-art review." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 75.13 (2020): 1582-1592.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.01.046
  35. Narasimha, Deepika, et al. "Validation of a smartphone-based event recorder for arrhythmia detection." Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 41.5 (2018): 487-494.  https://doi.org/10.1111/pace.13317
  36. (2015) "AfibAlert - Heart Rhythm Monitor with Instant Atrial Fibrillation Detection," Lohman Technology. [Online]. Available: http://www.lohmantech.com/. 
  37. Hong, Yongseok Joseph, et al. "Wearable and implantable devices for cardiovascular healthcare: from monitoring to therapy based on flexible and stretchable electronics." Advanced Functional Materials 29.19 (2019): 1808247. 
  38. Engel, Jonathan M., et al. "Study of arrhythmia prevalence in NUVANT Mobile Cardiac Telemetry system patients." 2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2012. 
  39. (2019) "Home - ECG Check | iPhone & Android heart monitor," Home - ECG Check | iPhone & Android heart monitor. [Online]. Available: http://cardiacdesigns.com/. 
  40. Carpenter, Alexander, and Antonio Frontera. "Smart-watches: a potential challenger to the implantable loop recorder?." Europace 18.6 (2016): 791-793.  https://doi.org/10.1093/europace/euv427
  41. Yamamoto, D., et al. "All-printed, planar-type multi-functional wearable flexible patch integrated with acceleration, temperature, and ECG sensors." 2017 IEEE 30th International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS). IEEE, 2017. 
  42. Zheng, Kaipei, et al. "Large area solution processed poly (dimethylsiloxane)-based thin film sensor patch for wearable electrocardiogram detection." IEEE Electron Device Letters 39.3 (2018): 424-427.  https://doi.org/10.1109/LED.2018.2792022
  43. Heikenfeld, Jajack, et al. "Wearable sensors: modalities, challenges, and prospects." Lab on a Chip 18.2 (2018): 217-248.  https://doi.org/10.1039/C7LC00914C
  44. Park, Junhyeong, et al. "Polyphase-basis discrete cosine transform for real-time measurement of heart rate with CW Doppler radar." IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques 66.3 (2017): 1644-1659.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2017.2772782
  45. Tu, Jianxuan, and Jenshan Lin. "Fast acquisition of heart rate in noncontact vital sign radar measurement using time-window-variation technique." IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement 65.1 (2015): 112-122.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TIM.2015.2479103
  46. Lee, Jong-Ha. "Human implantable arrhythmia monitoring sensor with wireless power and data transmission technique." (2015). 
  47. Lee, Jong-Ha. "Miniaturized human insertable cardiac monitoring system with wireless power transmission technique." Journal of Sensors 2016 (2016). 
  48. Ho, John S., et al. "Wireless power transfer to deep-tissue microimplants." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 111.22 (2014): 7974-7979.  https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1403002111
  49. Kim, Sanghoek, et al. "Wireless power transfer to a cardiac implant." Applied Physics Letters 101.7 (2012): 073701. 
  50. Xu, Qi, et al. "A fully implantable stimulator with wireless power and data transmission for experimental investigation of epidural spinal cord stimulation." IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 23.4 (2015): 683-692.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TNSRE.2015.2396574
  51. Karuppuswamy, Rajalakshmi, and Kandaswamy Arumugam. "Folded architecture for digital gammatone filter used in speech processor of cochlear implant." ETRI Journal 35.4 (2013): 697-705.  https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.13.0112.0220
  52. Zhao, Yu, et al. "High performance 3-coil wireless power transfer system for the 512-electrode epiretinal prosthesis." 2012 Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE, 2012. 
  53. Wang, Chonghe, et al. "Monitoring of the central blood pressure waveform via a conformal ultrasonic device." Nature biomedical engineering 2.9 (2018): 687-695.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-018-0287-x
  54. Abraham, William T., et al. "Wireless pulmonary artery haemodynamic monitoring in chronic heart failure: a randomised controlled trial." The Lancet 377.9766 (2011): 658-666.  https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60101-3
  55. Hubbert, Laila, et al. "Left atrial pressure monitoring with an implantable wireless pressure sensor after implantation of a left ventricular assist device." Asaio Journal 63.5 (2017): e60. 
  56. Yacoub, Magdi H., and Christopher McLeod. "The expanding role of implantable devices to monitor heart failure and pulmonary hypertension." Nature Reviews Cardiology 15.12 (2018): 770-779.  https://doi.org/10.1038/s41569-018-0103-z
  57. Murphy, Olive H., et al. "Continuous in vivo blood pressure measurements using a fully implantable wireless SAW sensor." Biomedical microdevices 15.5 (2013): 737-749.  https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-013-9759-7
  58. Eapen, Zubin J., and Eric D. Peterson. "Can mobile health applications facilitate meaningful behavior change?: time for answers." Jama 314.12 (2015): 1236-1237.  https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2015.11067
  59. Plante, Timothy B., et al. "Validation of the instant blood pressure smartphone app." JAMA internal medicine 176.5 (2016): 700-702.  https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.0157
  60. Ho, Chee Keong, Terence SP See, and Mehmet R. Yuce. "An ultra-wideband wireless body area network: Evaluation in static and dynamic channel conditions." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 180 (2012): 137-147.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2012.03.046
  61. Thotahewa, Kasun MS, Jamil Y. Khan, and Mehmet R. Yuce. "Power efficient ultra wide band based wireless body area networks with narrowband feedback path." IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing 13.8 (2013): 1829-1842.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2013.120
  62. Yuce, Mehmet Rasit, Ho Chee Keong, and Moo Sung Chae. "Wideband communication for implantable and wearable systems." IEEE transactions on microwave theory and techniques 57.10 (2009): 2597-2604.  https://doi.org/10.1109/TMTT.2009.2029958
  63. See, Terence SP, et al. "Experimental study on the dependence of antenna type and polarization on the link reliability in on-body UWB systems." IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation 60.11 (2012): 5373-5380. https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2012.2208611