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한국 고유종 미유기(Silurus microdorsalis Mori, 1936)의 난 발생 및 자치어 형태발달

Embryonic and Larval Development of Slender Catfish, Silurus microdorsalis Mori, 1936, Endemic to Korea

  • 김강래 (국립낙동강생물자원관) ;
  • 곽영호 (국립수산과학원 중앙내수면연구소) ;
  • 성무성 (순천향대학교 생명시스템학과) ;
  • 양현 (생물다양성연구소(주)) ;
  • 조성장 (보령민물생태관) ;
  • 윤봉한 (순천향대학교 생명시스템학과) ;
  • 방인철 (순천향대학교 생명시스템학과)
  • Kang-Rae Kim (Animal & Plant Research Department, Nakdonggang National Institute of Biological Resources) ;
  • Yeong-Ho Kwak (Inland Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science) ;
  • Mu-Sung Sung (Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • Heon Yang (Institute of Biodiversity Research) ;
  • Seong-Jang Cho (Boryeong Freshwater Eco Center) ;
  • Bong Han Yun (Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University) ;
  • In-Chul Bang (Department of Life Science & Biotechnology, Soonchunhyang University)
  • 투고 : 2023.04.11
  • 심사 : 2023.05.10
  • 발행 : 2023.05.31

초록

본 연구는 자호천에 서식하는 미유기 Silurus microdorsalis의 난 발생 및 자치어의 형태발달을 관찰하여 초기생활사를 연구하였다. 2018년 6월에 친어를 포획하였으며, 수온 18℃, 광주기 14L: 10D에 조건에서 순환여과식으로 사육하였다. 인공 산란 유도를 위해 성숙한 친어 암컷에 Ovaprim (Syndel, Canada) 어체중 1 kg당 0.5 mL, 수컷에 HCG 어체중 1 kg당 10,000 IU를 주사하였고, 15시간 후에 건식법으로 인공 수정하였다. 성숙란은 연한 담황색의 분리 침성란이었다. 수정란의 난경은 2.16±0.06 mm (n=8)였고, 수정 후 181시간 만에 완전히 부화하였다. 수온별 난 발생은 수온 18℃에서 부화율 63.1±2.2%, 기형률 10.0±3.7%로 나타나 18℃가 부화에 적합한 수온이었다. 수온별 발생속도는 18℃에서 181시간, 21℃에서 109시간, 24℃에서 76시간으로 나타났으며, 초기 난 발생이 진행되지 않는 생물학적 영도는 평균 12.2℃로 추정되었다. 부화 직후 자어의 크기는 4.64±0.22 mm (n=8)였고, 부화 후 1일에 빛의 자극에 회피 반응(negative phototaxis)을 보였다. 부화 7일째는 전장 12.47±0.53 mm로 뒷지느러미 기조는 25~30개, 꼬리지느러미 기조는 14~16개가 관찰되었으며 난황이 모두 흡수되어 전기 자어기로 이행하였다. 부화 9일째는 전장 14.13±0.51 mm로 머리와 몸에 흑색 소포체가 90%가량 침착되었고 등지느러미가 생성되어 기조가 1개 관찰되었으며, 척색 말단이 위로 휘어지기 시작하여 중기 자어기로 이행하였다. 부화 15일째는 전장 16.69±0.31 mm로 꼬리지느러미 기조(18개)가 정수로 나타났으며 등지느러미 기조는 2개, 뒷지느러미 기조는 60~63개가 관찰되었으며, 척색 말단은 45℃로 완전히 휘어져 후기 자어기로 이행하였다. 부화 50일째는 전장 28.96±1.10 mm로 꼬리지느러미(18개), 등지느러미(3개), 가슴지느러미(11개), 뒷지느러미 기조(67~73개)가 정수로 나타나 치어기로 이행하였다.

The early life history of Silurus microdorsalis living in Jahocheon Stream was studied by observing egg and morphological development. Live fish were captured in June 2018, then reared in a circulating filtration system under a 14L : 10D photoperiod with a water temperature of 18℃. To artificially induce spawning, females were injected with 0.5 mL of Ovaprim (Syndel, Nanaimo, BC, Canada) per kg of body weight, and males were injected with 10,000 IU/kg body weight of human chorionic gonadotropin. Approximately 15 h later, eggs were artificially inseminated by the dry method. Mature eggs were light pale yellow, which separated them from immature eggs. Fertilized eggs were 2.16±0.06 mm (n=8) in diameter and fully hatched at 181 h after fertilization. The fertilization rate was 63.1±2.2%, and 10.0±3.7% of the embryos were malformed at 18℃. The rates of development were 181 h at 18℃, 109 h at 21℃, and 76 h at 24℃. The larval size immediately after hatching was 4.64±0.22 mm (n=8), and the larvae displayed negative phototaxis at 1 day after hatching. The total larval length on 7 days after hatching was 12.47±0.53 mm, with 25~30 basal anal fin rays and 14~16 basal caudal fin rays observed. The total larval length was 14.13±0.51 mm on 9 days after hatching, and approximately 90% of the black endoplasmic reticulum was deposited on the head and body. The dorsal fin had formed, and a single basal body was observed. On 15 days after hatching, the total larval length was 16.69±0.31 mm; the number of basal caudal fin rays (18 poles) was an integer because 2 dorsal fin basal rays and 60~63 anal fin basal rays were observed. The total larval length was 28.96±1.10 mm on 50 days after hatching; the numbers of caudal fins (n=18), dorsal fins (n=3), pectoral fins (n=11), and anal fin basal rays (n=67~73) were integers.

키워드

과제정보

본 논문은 순천향대학교의 지원을 받아 연구되었습니다.

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