Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회지)

The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture (한국조경학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

User Hot Spots of Urban Parks Identified Using Mobile Signaling Data - A Case Study of Seongdong-Gu, Seoul -

모바일 데이터를 활용한 도시공원 이용자 핫스팟 분석 - 서울 성동구 공원을 대상으로 -

  • Cho, Min-Gyun (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Graduate School, University of Seoul) ;
  • Park, Chan (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, University of Seoul) ;
  • Seo, Ja-Yoo (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, University of Seoul) ;
  • Choi, Hye-Young (School of Civil, Architectural Engineering and Landscape Architecture, Sungkyunkwan University)
  • 조민균 (서울시립대학교 조경학과 일반대학원) ;
  • 박찬 (서울시립대학교 조경학과) ;
  • 서자유 (서울시립대학교 조경학과) ;
  • 최혜영 (성균관대학교 건설환경공학부)
  • Received : 2023.04.07
  • Accepted : 2023.05.08
  • Published : 2023.06.30
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study investigated the distribution of users in urban parks to overcome the limitations of existing research, which made it difficult to determine where data came was collected. It aimed to provide implications for park planning and management based on user distribution using mobile signal data. Five urban parks in Seongdong-gu, Seoul, with various physical characteristics, were selected. Mobile signal data provided by the Seoul Big Data Campus was used to identify the distribution of user inflow through hot spot analysis per park. The relationship between urban context and park influence area was derived. Seoul Forest (P1) and Seongsu Park (P3), which have a high proportion of commercial spaces around the park, showed wider user hotspots compared to Eungbong Park (P2), Dokseodang Park (P4), and Daehyunsan Park (P5), which were located in residential areas. Parks with a significant presence of commercial spaces had a broader influence, while parks with larger sizes and gentle slopes exhibited wider influence areas. This study proposed a novel data-based approach to urban park planning and management based on the inflow distribution of park users. Through this research, valuable insights were derived that could be utilized for urban park planning and management, aiming to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of park utilization.

본 연구는 도시공원 이용자 분포를 조사하여 이들이 어디에서 왔는지 알기 어려운 기존 연구의 한계를 극복하고자 모바일 시그널 데이터를 활용하여 이용자 분포를 기반으로 공원 계획 및 관리에 활용할 수 있는 시사점을 제공하는 연구이다. 연구의 대상지는 다양한 물리적 특성을 지닌 서울 성동구 도시공원 5곳을 선정하였다. 서울시 빅데이터캠퍼스에서 제공받은 모바일 신호데이터를 사용하여 이용자 유입분포를 공원별 핫스팟 분석을 통해 파악하고 도시 맥락과 공원 영향권의 관계에 대해 도출했다. 공원 주변 상업비율이 높은 서울숲(P1)과 성수공원(P3)은 주변이 주거지역인 응봉공원(P2), 독서당공원(P4), 대현산공원(P5)보다 넓은 사용자 핫스팟을 보여주었다. 주변에 상업공간이 많은 공원이 넓은 영향권을 보였으며, 공원의 규모가 크고 경사가 완만한 공원은 영향권이 더 넓게 나타났다. 본 연구는 공원 이용자의 유입 분포를 기반으로 도시 공원 계획과 관리에 기존과 다른 자료를 기반으로 한 접근 방식을 제안했다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2021R1C1C1008775).

References

  1. Bahriny, F. and S. Bell(2020) Patterns of urban park use and their relationship to factors of quality: A case study of Tehran, Iran. Sustainability 12(4): 1560.
  2. Boone, C. G., G. L. Buckley, J. M. Grove and C. Sister(2009) Parks and people: An environmental justice inquiry in Baltimore, Maryland. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 99(4): 767-787. https://doi.org/10.1080/00045600903102949
  3. Cao, G., S. Wang, M. Hwang, A. Padmanabhan, Z. Zhang and K. Soltani(2015) A scalable framework for spatiotemporal analysis of location-based social media data. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 51: 70-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2015.01.002
  4. Chen, Y., X. Liu, W. Gao, R. Y. Wang, Y. Li and W. Tu(2018) Emerging social media data on measuring urban park use. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 31: 130-141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2018.02.005
  5. Chiesura, A.(2004) The role of urban parks for the sustainable city. Landscape and Urban Planning 68(1): 129-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2003.08.003
  6. Choi, S. W. and H. S. Kim(2016) A study on service area of urban neighborhood parks in Seoul. Journal of The Korean Regional Development Association 28(2): 67-87.
  7. Chow, B. C., T. L. McKenzie and C. H. P. Sit(2016) Public parks in Hong Kong: Characteristics of physical activity areas and their users. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 13(7).
  8. Claudia B., O. Jarv, H. Tenkanen, M. Manninen and T. Toivonen(2022) A 24-hour population distribution dataset based on mobile phone data from Helsinki Metropolitan Area, Finland. Sci Data 9(39).
  9. Cohen, D. A., T. L. McKenzie, A. Sehgal, S. Williamson, D. Golinelli and N. Lurie(2007) Contribution of public parks to physical activity. American Journal of Public Health 97(3): 509-514. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2005.072447
  10. Fry, D., J. A. Hipp, C. Alberico, J. H. Huang, G. S. Lovasi and M. F. Floyd(2021) Land use diversity and park use in New York City. Preventive Medicine Reports 22: 101321.
  11. Getis, A. and J. K. Ord(2010) The analysis of spatial association by use of distance statistics. In Perspectives on Spatial Data Analysis. Springer. pp. 127-145.
  12. Guan, C., J. Song, M. Keith, Y. Akiyama, R. Shibasaki and T. Sato(2020) Delineating urban park catchment areas using mobile phone data: A case study of Tokyo. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 81: 101474.
  13. Guan, C., J. Song, M. Keith, B. Zhang, Y. Akiyama, L. Da, R. Shibasaki and T. Sato(2021) Seasonal variations of park visitor volume and park service area in Tokyo: A mixed-method approach combining big data and field observations. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 58: 126973.
  14. Guo, S., G. Yang, T. Pei, T. Ma, C. Song, H. Shu and Y. Du(2019) Landscape and urban planning analysis of factors a ff ecting urban park service area in Beijing: Perspectives from multi-source geographic data. Landscape and Urban Planning 181(September 2018): 103-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.09.016
  15. Hamstead, Z. A., D. Fisher, R. T. Ilieva, S. A. Wood, T. McPhearson and P. Kremer(2018). Geolocated social media as a rapid indicator of park visitation and equitable park access. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 72: 38-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2018.01.007
  16. Hwang, Y. J.(2016). Planned green space in high density residential zone and quality of life: Areal to spatial context, Journal of the Korean Association of Regional Geographers 22(3): 666-680.
  17. Kim, M. K. and S. D. Lee(2016) Habitat use and its implications for the conservation strategies for the overwintering populations of the Bean Goose (Anser fabalis) and the White-fronted Goose (A. albifrons) in South Korea. Ornithological Sci 15(2): 141-149. https://doi.org/10.2326/osj.15.141
  18. Kim, W. P., S. P. Kim, C. S. Lee, K. H. Lee, J. H. Lee and H. D. Lee(2017) Park Use Satistaction Survey Report (Green Seoul Office-16705). Seoul Metropolitan Government.
  19. Kramer, M. G.(2014) A Guide to Help Communities Better Manage Storm-Water While Achieving Other Environmental, Public Health, Social, and Economic Benefits. United States Environmental Protection Agency Report. EPA 100-R-14-006.
  20. Kumar, D., H. Wu, S. Rajasegarar, C. Leckie, S. Krishnaswamy and M. Palaniswami(2018) Fast and scalable big data trajectory clustering for understanding urban mobility. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems 19(11): 3709-3722. https://doi.org/10.1109/TITS.2018.2854775
  21. Li, F., F. Zhang, X. Li, P. Wang, J. Liang, Y. Mei, W. Cheng and Y. Qian(2017) Spatiotemporal patterns of the use of urban green spaces and external factors contributing to their use in central Beijing. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 14(3): 237.
  22. Liang, H., D. Chen and Q. Zhang(2016) Walking accessibility of urban parks in a compact megacity. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Urban Design and Planning 170(2): 59-71. https://doi.org/10.1680/jurdp.16.00030
  23. Liu, H., F. Li, J. Li and Y. Zhang(2017) The relationships between urban parks, residents' physical activity, and mental health benefits: A case study from Beijing, China. Journal of Environmental Management 190: 223-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.12.058
  24. Lucy, W. H.(1988) Equity planning for infrastructure: Applications. Public Infrastructure Planning and Management: 227-240.
  25. Mak, B. K. L. and C. Y. Jim(2019) Linking park users' socio-demographic characteristics and visit-related preferences to improve urban parks. Cities 92: 97-111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.03.008
  26. Muftuler, M., A. Yapar, S. G. Irez, M. Levent and M. L. Ince(2011) Examination of public parks for physical activity participation by their location, size and facilities. The Shield-Research Journal of Physical Education & Sports Science 6(6): 14-25.
  27. Neuvonen, M., T. Sievanen, S. Tonnes and T. Koskela(2007) Access to green areas and the frequency of visits - A case study in Helsinki. Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 6(4): 235-247. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2007.05.003
  28. Oh, K. and S. Jeong(2007) Assessing the spatial distribution of urban parks using GIS. Landscape and Urban Planning 82(1): 25-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2007.01.014
  29. Park, J. and J. Kim(2019) Economic impacts of a linear urban park on local businesses: The case of Gyeongui line forest park in Seoul. Landscape and Urban Planning 181: 139-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2018.10.001
  30. Park, S., J. Lee and W. Song(2017) Short-term forecasting of Japanese tourist inflow to South Korea using Google trends data. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing 34(3): 357-368. https://doi.org/10.1080/10548408.2016.1170651
  31. Parra, D. C., L. F. Gomez, N. L. Fleischer and J. David Pinzon(2010) Built environment characteristics and perceived active park use among older adults: Results from a multilevel study in Bogota. Health & Place 16(6): 1174-1181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.07.008
  32. Poushter, J., C. Bishop and H. Chwe(2018) Social media use continues to rise in developing countries but plateaus across developed ones. Pew Research Center 22: 2-19.
  33. Rafael, S., B. Vicente, V. Rodrigues, A. I. Miranda, C. Borrego and M. Lopes(2018) Impacts of green infrastructures on aerodynamic flow and air quality in Porto's urban area. Atmospheric Environment 190: 317-330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2018.07.044
  34. Reyes, M., A. Paez and C. Morency(2014) Walking accessibility to urban parks by children: A case study of Montreal. Landscape and Urban Planning 125: 38-47. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.02.002
  35. Schipperijn, J., P. Bentsen, J. Troelsen, M. Toftager and U. K. Stigsdotter(2013) Associations between physical activity and characteristics of urban green space. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 12(1): 109-116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2012.12.002
  36. Schipperijn, J., U. K. Stigsdotter, T. B. Randrup and J. Troelsen(2010) Urban forestry & urban greening influences on the use of urban green space - A case study in. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening.
  37. Sister, C., J. Wolch and J. Wilson(2010) Got green? Addressing environmental justice in park provision. GeoJournal 75: 229-248. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-009-9303-8
  38. Sugiyama, T., J. Francis, N. J. Middleton, N. Owen and B. Giles-Corti(2010) Associations between recreational walking and attractiveness, size, and proximity of neighborhood open spaces. American Journal of Public Health 100(9): 1752-1757. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2009.182006
  39. Talen, E. and L. Anselin(1998) Assessing spatial equity: An evaluation of measures of accessibility to public playgrounds. Environment and Planning A 30(1986): 595-613. https://doi.org/10.1068/a300595
  40. Teshnehdel, S., H. Akbari, E. Di Giuseppe and R. D. Brown(2020) Effect of tree cover and tree species on microclimate and pedestrian comfort in a residential district in Iran. Building and Environment 178: 06899.
  41. United Nations(2019) World population prospects 2019: Highlights. United Nations Department for Economic and Social Affairs 11(1): 125.
  42. Wan, C., G. Q. Shen and S. Choi(2020) Effects of physical and psychological factors on users' attitudes, use patterns, and perceived benefits toward urban parks. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 51: 126691.
  43. Wang, D., G. Brown and Y. Liu(2015) The physical and non-physical factors that influence perceived access to urban parks. Landscape and Urban Planning 133: 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.09.007
  44. Wolch, J. R., J. Byrne and J. P. Newell(2014) Urban green space, public health, and environmental justice: The challenge of making cities 'just green enough.' Landscape and Urban Planning 125: 234-244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.01.017
  45. Wu, J., N. Ta, Y. Song, J. Lin and Y. Chai(2018) Urban form breeds neighborhood vibrancy: A case study using a GPS-based activity survey in suburban Beijing. Cities 74: 100-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2017.11.008
  46. Zhai, Y., H. Wu, H. Fan and D. Wang(2018) Using mobile signaling data to exam urban park service radius in Shanghai: methods and limitations. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems 71: 27-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2018.03.011
  47. Zhu, J., H. Lu, T. Zheng, Y. Rong, C. Wang, W. Zhang, Y, Yan and L. Tang(2020) Vitality of urban parks and its influencing factors from the perspective of recreational service supply, demand, and spatial links. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17(5).