Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine

  • Volume 35
  • /
  • Pages.48.1-48.13
  • /
  • 2023
  • /
  • 1225-3618(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2052-4374(eISSN)
The Korean Society of Occupational & Environmental Medicine (대한직업환경의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Effects of a supportive workplace environment on the success rate for smoking cessation camp

  • Woojin Kim (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • A Ram Kim (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Minsu Ock (Department of Preventive Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Young-Jee Jeon (Department of Family Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Heun Lee (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Daehwan Kim (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Gumi Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine) ;
  • Minjun Kim (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine) ;
  • Cheolin Yoo (Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine)
  • Received : 2023.07.13
  • Accepted : 2023.10.31
  • Published : 2023.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Background: This study was conducted to identify the success rate for smoking cessation over time after participation in a therapeutic smoking cessation camp, and to identify how participant characteristics, including a supportive workplace environment for smoking cessation (SWESC), affect the success rate for smoking cessation. Methods: In all, 296 participants at smoking cessation camps in Ulsan between 2015 and 2020 were investigated. The success rates of smoking cessation after weeks 4, 6, 12, and 24 at camp were investigated. The participants were grouped as workers with an SWESC, and workers without an SWESC, and variables (age, education, household income, marital status, drinking, exercise, body mass index, morbidity, job, number of counseling sessions, cigarettes smoked per day and smoking initiation age) were investigated. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted at each time point. In addition, Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate the variables affecting the success rate for smoking cessation over time. Results: The smoking cessation success rate of workers with an SWESC at week 24 (90.7%) was higher than that for workers without an SWESC (60.5%). Multiple logistic regression was performed to determine the relationship between each variable and the success rates for smoking cessation at week 6, 12, and 24. SWESC was confirmed as significant (p < 0.05) variables for increased success rate for smoking cessation at all 3 time points. After adjusting for all variables, the Cox proportional hazards survival analysis showed a hazard ratio of 6.17 for SWESC (p < 0.001,; 95% confidence interval: 3.08-12.38). Conclusions: At a professional treatment smoking cessation camp, participants with an SWESC showed a significantly higher success rate for smoking cessation. Supportive workplace environment for workers' health is expected to be an important factor for smoking cessation projects as well as other health promotion projects at workplace.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The authors thank Ms. Heejung Lee, from Ulsan Regional Smoking Cessation Center, for her informational assistance for this study.

References

  1. Lee EH, Park SK, Ko KP, Cho IS, Chang SH, Shin HR, et al. Cigarette smoking and mortality in the Korean Multi-center Cancer Cohort (KMCC) study. J Prev Med Public Health 2010;43(2):151-8.
  2. Cahn Z, Drope J, Hamill S, Islami F, Liber A, Nargis N, et al. The Tobacco Atlas: Sixth Edition. Atlanta, GA, USA: American Cancer Society and Vital Strategies; 2018. 
  3. Cummings KM. Health policy and smoking and tobacco use. In: Gochman DS, editor. Handbook of Health Behavior Research IV: Relevance for Professionals and Issues for the Future. Boston, MA, USA: Springer US; 1997, 231-2. 
  4. GBD 2019 Tobacco Collaborators. Spatial, temporal, and demographic patterns in prevalence of smoking tobacco use and attributable disease burden in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet 2021;397(10292):2337-60.
  5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Cigarette smoking among adults--United States, 2007. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2008;57(45):1221-6.
  6. Samet JM. Health benefits of smoking cessation. Clin Chest Med 1991;12(4):669-79.
  7. Doll R, Peto R, Boreham J, Sutherland I. Mortality in relation to smoking: 50 years' observations on male British doctors. BMJ 2004;328(7455):1519.
  8. Taylor GM, Lindson N, Farley A, Leinberger-Jabari A, Sawyer K, Te Water Naude R, et al. Smoking cessation for improving mental health. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021;3(3):CD013522.
  9. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Health at a Glance 2019: OECD Indicators. Paris, France: OECD Publishing; 2019. 
  10. Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey: current smoking rate trend, 1998-2019. https://kosis.kr/statHtml/statHtml.do?orgId=177&tblId=DT_11702_N001&conn_path=I2. Updated 2023. Accessed April 1, 2023. 
  11. van den Brand FA, Nagtzaam P, Nagelhout GE, Winkens B, van Schayck CP. The association of peer smoking behavior and social support with quit success in employees who participated in a smoking cessation intervention at the workplace. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019;16(16):2831.
  12. Lee KH, Chung YC, Kim KH. Success factors of smoking cessation among new enrollees and re-enrollees in smoking cessation clinics at public health centers. J Digital Convergence 2014;12(1):445-55.
  13. Smith KB, Smith MS. Obesity statistics. Prim Care 2016;43(1):121-35.
  14. Statistics Korea. 7th Korean Standard Occupational Classification. http://kssc.kostat.go.kr/ksscNew_web/kssc/common/ClassificationContent.do?gubun=1&strCategoryNameCode=002&categoryMenu=007&addGubun=no. Updated 2018. Accessed April 1, 2023. 
  15. Kang YH, Lee YJ, Kong SY, Lee DH, Yun YH. Usefulness of urinary cotinine test to discriminate between smokers and nonsmokers in Korean adolescents. Korean J Lab Med 2004;24(3):155-9. 
  16. Park SS, Lee JY, Cho SI. Validity of expired carbon monoxide and urine cotinine using dipstick method to assess smoking status. J Prev Med Public Health 2007;40(4):297-304.
  17. van den Putte B, Yzer MC, Brunsting S. Social influences on smoking cessation: a comparison of the effect of six social influence variables. Prev Med 2005;41(1):186-93.
  18. Notley C, Gentry S, Livingstone-Banks J, Bauld L, Perera R, Hartmann-Boyce J. Incentives for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019;7(7):CD004307.
  19. van den Brand FA, Nagelhout GE, Winkens B, Chavannes NH, van Schayck OC. Effect of a workplace-based group training programme combined with financial incentives on smoking cessation: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet Public Health 2018;3(11):e536-44.
  20. Lim MK, Kim YH, Kim HS, Baek YJ, Oh JK, Park JJ, et al. Evaluation of the Result of the Smoking Cessation Support Project and Plans for Operational Advancement. Goyang, Korea: National Cancer Center; 2019. 
  21. Kim B. Workplace smoking ban policy and smoking behavior. J Prev Med Public Health 2009;42(5):293-7.
  22. Yeom H, Lim HS, Min J, Lee S, Park YH. Factors affecting smoking cessation success of heavy smokers registered in the intensive care smoking cessation camp (data from the National Tobacco Control Center). Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018;9(5):240-7.
  23. Ha MW, Lee DH. Predictors of quitting smoking-results of smoking cessation campaign in workplace of a steel manufacturing industry-. Korean J Occup Environ Med 2000;12(2):170-8.
  24. Zhuang YL, Gamst AC, Cummins SE, Wolfson T, Zhu SH. Comparison of smoking cessation between education groups: findings from 2 US National Surveys over 2 decades. Am J Public Health 2015;105(2):373-9.
  25. Lynch KL, Twesten JE, Stern A, Augustson EM. Level of alcohol consumption and successful smoking cessation. Nicotine Tob Res 2019;21(8):1058-64.
  26. Smith CE, Hill SE, Amos A. Impact of population tobacco control interventions on socioeconomic inequalities in smoking: a systematic review and appraisal of future research directions. Tob Control 2020;30:e87-95.
  27. Lindsay HG, Wamboldt FS, Holm KE, Make BJ, Hokanson J, Crapo JD, et al. Impact of a medical diagnosis on decision to stop smoking and successful smoking cessation. Chronic Obstr Pulm Dis 2021;8(3):360-70.
  28. Lee ES, Seo HG. The factors associated with successful smoking cessation in Korea. J Korean Acad of Fam Med 2007;28(1):39-44. 
  29. Khuder SA, Dayal HH, Mutgi AB. Age at smoking onset and its effect on smoking cessation. Addict Behav 1999;24(5):673-7. 
  30. Ryu IH, Park KS. Successful factors of smoking cessation for male workers from small and medium enterprises registered with local tobacco control center. J Agric Med Community Health 2021;46(4):253-65.
  31. Goetzel RZ, Henke RM, Tabrizi M, Pelletier KR, Loeppke R, Ballard DW, et al. Do workplace health promotion (wellness) programs work? J Occup Environ Med 2014;56(9):927-34.
  32. O'Donnel MP. Health Promotion in the Workplace. 5th ed. Littleton, CO, USA: Art & Science of Health Promotion Institute; 2017. 
  33. Ham DC, Przybeck T, Strickland JR, Luke DA, Bierut LJ, Evanoff BA. Occupation and workplace policies predict smoking behaviors: analysis of national data from the current population survey. J Occup Environ Med 2011;53(11):1337-45.
  34. Albertsen K, Hannerz H, Borg V, Burr H. Work environment and smoking cessation over a five-year period. Scand J Public Health 2004;32(3):164-71.
  35. Jang TW, Kim HR, Choi SE, Yim HW, Lee HE, Myong JP, et al. Smoking rate trends in Korean occupational groups: analysis of KNHANES 1998-2009 data. J Occup Health 2012;54(6):452-8.