Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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Geochemistry and Petrogenesis of Pan-african Granitoids in Kaiama, North Central, Nigeria

  • Aliyu Ohiani Umaru (Pan African University of Life and Earth Science Institute including (Health and Agriculture), University of Ibadan) ;
  • Olugbenga Okunlola (Department of Geology, University of Ibadan) ;
  • Umaru Adamu Danbatta (Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University) ;
  • Olusegun G. Olisa (Department of Earth Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University)
  • Received : 2023.03.30
  • Accepted : 2023.05.16
  • Published : 2023.06.28
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Abstract

Pan African granitoids of Kaiama is comprised of K-feldspar rich granites, porphyritic granites, and granitic gneiss that are intruded by quartz veins and aplitic veins and dykes which trend NE-SW. In order to establish the geochemical signatures, petrogenesis, and tectonic settings of the lithological units, petrological, petrographical, and geochemical studies was carried out. Petrographic analysis reveals that the granitoids are dominantly composed of quartz, plagioclase feldspar, biotite, and k-feldspar with occasional muscovites, sericite, and opaque minerals that constitute very low proportion. Major, trace, and rare earth elements geochemical data reveal that the rocks have moderate to high silica (SiO2=63-79.7%) and alumina (Al2O3=11.85-16.15) contents that correlate with the abundance of quartz, feldspars, and biotite. The rocks are calc-alkaline, peraluminous (ASI=1.0-<1.2), and S-type granitoids sourced by melting of pre-existing metasedimentary or sedimentary rocks containing Al, Na, and K oxides. They plot dominantly in the WPG and VAG fields suggesting emplacement in a post-collisional tectonic setting. On a multi-element variation diagram, the granitoids show depletion in Ba, K, P, Rb, and Ti while enrichment was observed for Th, U, Nd, Pb and Sm. Their rare-earth elements pattern is characterized by moderate fractionation ((La/Yb)N=0.52-38.24) and pronounced negative Eu-anomaly (Eu/Eu*=0.02-1.22) that points to the preservation of plagioclase from the source magma. Generally, the geochemical features of the granitoids show that they were derived by the partial melting of crustal rocks with some input from greywacke and pelitic materials in a typical post-collisional tectonic setting.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This publication is part of the Ph.D. thesis of the first author, funded by the African Union through the Pan African University Institute of life and Earth Sciences (including health and agriculture), PAULESI.

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