Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology

The Korean Society for Microbiology and Biotechnology (한국미생물·생명공학회)
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Insights into Enzyme Reactions with Redox Cofactors in Biological Conversion of CO2

  • Du-Kyeong Kang (Synthetic Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Seung-Hwa Kim (Synthetic Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Jung-Hoon Sohn (Synthetic Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB)) ;
  • Bong Hyun Sung (Synthetic Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB))
  • Received : 2023.06.05
  • Accepted : 2023.06.12
  • Published : 2023.11.28
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Abstract

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most abundant component of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and directly creates environmental issues such as global warming and climate change. Carbon capture and storage have been proposed mainly to solve the problem of increasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere; however, more emphasis has recently been placed on its use. Among the many methods of using CO2, one of the key environmentally friendly technologies involves biologically converting CO2 into other organic substances such as biofuels, chemicals, and biomass via various metabolic pathways. Although an efficient biocatalyst for industrial applications has not yet been developed, biological CO2 conversion is the needed direction. To this end, this review briefly summarizes seven known natural CO2 fixation pathways according to carbon number and describes recent studies in which natural CO2 assimilation systems have been applied to heterogeneous in vivo and in vitro systems. In addition, studies on the production of methanol through the reduction of CO2 are introduced. The importance of redox cofactors, which are often overlooked in the CO2 assimilation reaction by enzymes, is presented; methods for their recycling are proposed. Although more research is needed, biological CO2 conversion will play an important role in reducing GHG emissions and producing useful substances in terms of resource cycling.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This study was supported by National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grants (2022M3J5A1056169, 2021M3A9I5023254, 2019R1A2C1090726, and 2018M3A9H3024746), a National Research Council of Science & Technology grant (No. CAP20023-200) by the Korean government (MSIT), and the Research Initiative Program of KRIBB (KGM5402322).

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