Earthquakes and Structures

  • 제24권5호
  • /
  • Pages.345-352
  • /
  • 2023
  • /
  • 2092-7614(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2092-7622(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Seismic retrofit of a soft first story structure considering soil effect

  • Michael Adane (Department of Civil Engineering and Architectural Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University) ;
  • Jinkoo Kim (Department of Civil Engineering and Architectural Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University)
  • 투고 : 2021.06.10
  • 심사 : 2023.03.30
  • 발행 : 2023.05.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

This paper studied the effect of soil-structure interaction (SSI) on the seismic response and retrofit of a reinforced concrete structure with a soft-first story for different soil types. A 5-story structure built on a 30m deep homogeneous soil mass was considered as a case study structure, and steel column jacketing and steel bracing were chosen as seismic retrofit methods. Seismic responses of a fixed-base and a flexible base structure subjected to seven scaled earthquake records were obtained using the software OpenSees to investigate the effect of soil on seismic response and retrofit. The nonlinearBeamColumn elements with the fiber sections were used to simulate the nonlinear behavior of the beams and columns. Soil properties were defined based on shear wave velocity according to categorized site classes defined in ASCE-7. The finite element model of the soil was made using isoparametric four-noded quadrilateral elements and the nonlinear dynamic responses of the combined system of soil and structure were calculated in the OpenSees. The analysis results indicate that the soil-structure interaction plays an important role in the seismic performance and retrofit of a structure with a soft-first story. It was observed that column steel jacketing was effective in the retrofit of the model structure on a fixed base, whereas stronger retrofit measures such as steel bracing were needed when soil-structure interaction was considered.

키워드

과제정보

This research was supported by a grant(2021-MOIS35-003) of 'Policy-linked Technology Development Program on Natural Disaster Prevention and Mitigation' funded by the Ministry of Interior and Safety (MOIS, Korea).

참고문헌

  1. ACI-318 (2014), Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-14): An ACI Standard: Commentary on Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318R-14), American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, USA.
  2. Agha Beigi, H., Christopoulos, C., Sullivan, T. and Calvi, M. (2015a), "Seismic response of a case study soft story frame retrofitted using a GIB system", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 44, 997-1014. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2496.
  3. Agha Beigi, H., Christopoulos, C., Sullivan, T. and Calvi, M. (2015b), "Seismic response of a case study soft story frame retrofitted using a GIB system", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 44, 997-1014. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2496.
  4. Alaskar, A., Wakil, K., Alyousef, R., Jermsittiparsert, K., Ho, L.S., Alabduljabbar, H. and Mohamed, A.M. (2020), "Computational analysis of three dimensional steel frame structures through different stiffening members", Steel Compos. Struct., 35, 187-197. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2020.35.2.187.
  5. American Society of Civil Engineers (2000), Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures, American Society of Civil Engineers, Reston, VA, USA.
  6. Askouni, P.K. and Karabalis, D.L. (2021), "SSI effects on the redistribution of seismic forces in one-storey R/C buildings", Earthq. Struct., 20, 261-278. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2021.20.3.261.
  7. ATC-40 (1996), Seismic Evaluation and Retrofit of Concrete Buildings, Applied Technology Council, Redwood, CA, USA.
  8. Baker, J.W. (2007), "Measuring bias in structural response caused by ground motion scaling", 8th Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Singapore, December.
  9. Benavent-Climent, A. and Mota-Paez, S. (2017), "Earthquake retrofitting of R/C frames with soft first story using hysteretic dampers: Energy-based design method and evaluation", Eng. Struct., 137, 19-32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2017.01.053.
  10. Committee 318 (2014), ACI 318-14, Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, USA.
  11. de Silva, F. (2020), "Influence of soil-structure interaction on the site-specific seismic demand to masonry towers", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 131, 106023. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2019.106023.
  12. Haghollahi, S. and Behnamfar, F. (2020), "Performance evaluation of special rc moment frames against collapse considering soilstructure interaction", Int. J. Geomech., 20(2), 04019176. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0001553.
  13. Han, Y. (2002), "Seismic response of tall building considering soil-pile-structure interaction", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib., 1, 57-64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-002-0008-y.
  14. Hokmabadi, A.S., Fatahi, B. and Samali, B. (2014), "Assessment of soil-pile-structure interaction influencing seismic response of mid-rise buildings sitting on floating pile foundations", Comput. Geotech., 55, 172-186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compgeo.2013.08.011.
  15. Ismaeil, M. (2013), "Seismic retrofitting of a RC building by adding steel plate shear walls", IOSR J. Mech. Civil Eng., 7, 49-62. https://doi.org/10.9790/1684-0724962.
  16. Javidan, M.M. and Kim, J. (2019), "Seismic retrofit of soft-first story structures using rotational friction dampers", J. Struct. Eng., 145, 04019162. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002433.
  17. Khosravikia, F., Mahsuli, M. and Ghannad, M.A. (2018), "The effect of soil-structure interaction on the seismic risk to buildings", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 16, 3653-3673. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0314-z.
  18. Lee, H.S. and Ko, D.W. (2007), "Seismic response characteristics of high-rise RC wall buildings having different irregularities in lower stories", Eng. Struct., 29, 3149-3167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2007.02.014.
  19. Massimino, M.R. and Maugeri, M. (2013), "Physical modelling of shaking table tests on dynamic soil-foundation interaction and numerical and analytical simulation", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 49, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2013.01.023.
  20. Naeem, A., Eldin, M.N., Kim, J. and Kim, J. (2017), "Seismic performance evaluation of a structure retrofitted using steel slit dampers with shape memory alloy bars", Int. J. Steel Struct., 17, 1627-1638. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13296-017-1227-4.
  21. Naeem, A. and Kim, J. (2019), "Seismic performance evaluation of a multi-slit damper", Eng. Struct., 189, 332-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.03.107.
  22. Nasab, M.S.E. and Kim, J. (2020), "Seismic retrofit of structures using hybrid steel slit-viscoelastic dampers", J. Struct. Eng., 146, 04020238. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002816.
  23. Park, J., Lee, J. and Kim, J. (2012), "Cyclic test of buckling restrained braces composed of square steel rods and steel tube", Steel Compos. Struct., 13, 423-436. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2012.13.5.423.
  24. Prevost, J.H. (1985), "A simple plasticity theory for frictional cohesionless soils", Int. J. Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 4, 9-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/0261-7277(85)90030-0.
  25. Shin, J., Lee, K., Jeong, S.H. and Kim, J. (2012), "Experimental and analytical studies on buckling-restrained knee bracing systems with channel sections", Int. J. Steel Struct., 12, 93-106. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13296-012-1009-Y.
  26. Tremblay, R. and Robert, N. (2001), "Seismic performance of lowand medium-rise chevron braced steel frames", Can. J. Civil Eng., 28, 699-714. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-28-4-699.
  27. Van Cao, V. (2018), "Effect of soil-structure interaction on seismic damage of mid-rise reinforced concrete structures retrofitted by FRP composites", Earthq. Struct., 15, 307-317. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2018.15.3.307.