Journal of Bio-Environment Control (생물환경조절학회지)

The Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control (한국생물환경조절학회)
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Optimum Strength and NH4+:NO3- Ratio of Nutrient Solution for Romaine Lettuce Cultivated in a Home Hydroponic System

가정용 수경재배기에서 재배한 로메인상추의 생육에 적합한 양액 강도와 NH4+:NO3-의 비율

  • Kyungdeok Noh (Department of Horticulture, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 four Program), Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University) ;
  • Byoung Ryong Jeong (Department of Horticulture, Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 four Program), Graduate School of Gyeongsang National University)
  • 노경덕 (경상국립대학교 대학원 응용생명과학부(BK21 Four)) ;
  • 정병룡 (경상국립대학교 대학원 응용생명과학부(BK21 Four))
  • Received : 2022.12.30
  • Accepted : 2023.03.05
  • Published : 2023.04.30
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Abstract

Concentration of nitrogen, one of the major elements, and ratio of two nitrogen forms (NH4+ and NO3-) in the nutrient solution affect the quality and food safety of fresh vegetable produce. This study was conducted to find an appropriate strength and NH4+:NO3- ratio of a nutrient solution for growth and development of a Romaine lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. longiflora) 'Caesar Green', a representative leafy vegetable, grown in a home hydroponic system. In the first experiment, plants were grown using three types of nutrient solution: A commercial nutrient solution (Peters) and two strengths (GNU1 and GNU2) of a multipurpose nutrient solution (GNU solution) developed in a Gyeongsang National University lab. Plants grown with the GNU1 and GNU2 had greater shoot length, leaf length and width, and biomass yield than Peters. On the other hand, the root hairs of plants grown with Peters were short and dark in color. Tissue NH4+ content in the Peters was higher than that of the GNU1 and GNU2. The higher contents of NH4+ in this solution may have caused ammonium toxicity. In the second experiment, eight treatment solutions, combining GNU1 and GNU2 solutions with four ratios of NO3- :NH4+ named as 1, 2, 3 and 4 were used. Both experiments showed more growth in the GNU2 group, which had a relatively low ionic strength of the nutrient solution. The growth of Romaine lettuce showed the greatest fresh weight along with low tissue NO3- content in the GNU2-2. This was more advantageous in terms of food safety in that it suppressed the accumulation of surplus NO3- in tissues due to the low ionic trength of the GNU2 subgroup. In addition, this is preferable in that it can reduce the absolute amount of the input of inorganic nutrients to the nutrient solution.

본 연구는 대표적인 엽채류인 로메인(Lactuca sativa L. var. longiflora) 'Caesar Green'의 수경재배에 적절한 양액 강도와 NH4+ :NO3-의 비율을 찾기 위해 수행하였다. 첫 실험에서는 한 상업용 양액(Peters, 20-20-20)과 실험실에서 제조한 다목적 양액(GNU solution)을 2수준의 강도(GNU1, 100%; GNU2, 70%)로 조절하여 사용하였다. 발아속도는 GNU1보다 GNU2와 Peters에서 더 빨랐다. GNU1과 GNU2로 재배한 로메인이 Peters에서 재배된 것보다 초장, 엽장, 엽폭, 생체중이 더 컸다. 반면 Peters에서 재배한 로메인의 뿌리는 색이 어둡고 뿌리털이 짧았다. 조직 내 NH4+ 함량은 Peters에서 GNU1 과 GNU2보다 유의하게 높았다. 두번째 실험에서는 GNU1과 GNU2 양액을 질소 형태 비율(NH4+ :NO3-;100:0, 83.3:16.7, 66.7:33.3 및 50:50)에 따라 총 8가지로 조성하였다. NH4+ :NO3- 비율을 50:50으로 처리했을 때 조직 내 NH4+ 함량이 가장 높았고 독성 증상이 나타났다. 결론적으로 순환형 저면관수 수경재배 시스템에서 로메인에는 GNU2-2가 적합한 양액이었다. 두 실험 모두 비교적 이온 강도가 낮은 양액인 GNU2 그룹에서 더 많은 생장을 보였다. GNU2-2 양액에서 가장 높은 생체중을 보이면서도 NO3-의 조직 내 함량이 낮았다. 이는 GNU2 하위 그룹이 이온 강도가 낮기 때문에 조직 내 잉여 NO3-의 축적을 억제한다는 점에서 식품안전성 측면에서 더 유리했다. 또한 이것은 양액에의 무기양분 투입 절대량을 줄일 수 있다는 점에서 바람직하다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

본 연구는 LG전자(과제번호. C2020040728)의 지원으로 수행되었으며, 노경덕은 BK21 Four의 지원을 받았음.

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