Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science (대한안전경영과학회지)

Korea Safety Management & Science (대한안전경영과학회)
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The Status of 3D Printing Industry and Researches on Exposure to Hazards When Using Metal Materials

3D프린팅 산업 및 금속소재 사용시 유해인자 노출 연구 현황

  • Hae Dong Park (Work Environment Research Bureau, Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute) ;
  • Leejun HUH (Division of Health Policy and Management, Korea University)
  • 박해동 (산업안전보건연구원 직업환경연구실) ;
  • 허이준 (고려대학교 보건정책관리학부)
  • Received : 2023.01.16
  • Accepted : 2023.03.22
  • Published : 2023.03.31
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Abstract

We attempted to provide an overview of the laws and current state of the 3D printing industry in South Korea and around the world, using the annual industry surveys and the Wohler report. Additionally, we reviewed articles relating to the potential exposure to hazards associated with 3D printing using metal materials. In South Korea, there were 406 3D printing-related businesses, employing 2,365 workers, and the market size was estimated at 455.9 billion won in 2021. Globally, the average growth rate of the 3D printing industry market over the past 10 years was 27.4%, and the market size was estimated at $11.8 billion in 2019. The United States had the highest cumulative installation ratio of industrial 3D printers, followed by China, Japan, Germany, and South Korea. A total of 6,168 patents related to 3D printing were registered in the US between 2010 and 2019. Harmful factors during metal 3D printing was mainly evaluated in the powder bed fusion and direct energy deposition printing types, and there is a case of material extrusion type with metal additive filaments. The number, mass, size distribution, and chemical composition of particles were mainly evaluated. Particle concentration increases during the opening of the chamber or post-processing. However, operating the 3D printer in a ventilated chamber can reduce particle concentration to the background level. In order to have a safe and healthy environment for 3D printing, it is necessary to accumulate and apply knowledge through various studies.

Keywords

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