Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회지)

The Korean Society of Radiology (대한영상의학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Incidental Extramammary Findings on Preoperative Breast MRI in Breast Cancer Patients: A Pictorial Essay

유방암 환자의 수술 전 유방 MRI에서 우연히 발견된 유방 외 소견: 임상화보

  • Jin-A Ryoo (Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital) ;
  • Shin Young Kim (Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital)
  • 류진아 (순천향대학교 천안병원 영상의학과) ;
  • 김신영 (순천향대학교 천안병원 영상의학과)
  • Received : 2022.05.23
  • Accepted : 2022.08.12
  • Published : 2023.03.01
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers and causes several complications in females. Currently, MRI is a necessary method for preoperative studies in patients with breast cancer. A high frequency of breast MRI can lead to an increase in the number of incidental extramammary findings. Moreover, it can provide accurate preoperative workup; therefore, the prognosis of patients can be improved. Herein, we provide several extramammary findings, including the mediastinum, lung, upper abdomen, bone, and soft tissue, correlating with US, chest CT, liver MRI, PET-CT, and bone scan.

유방암은 여성에서 가장 흔한 암이며, 많은 합병증을 발생시킨다고 알려져 있다. 오늘날 자기공명영상촬영(이하 MRI)은 유방암 수술 전 검사에서 필수적인 방법이다. 유방 MRI의 사용 빈도가 높아지면서 우연히 발견되는 유방 외 소견이 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 임상 화보에서는 유방 MRI 촬영에서 발견된 종격동, 폐, 상복부, 뼈 및 연조직 등의 다양한 유방 외 소견을 초음파(ultrasonography), 흉부 컴퓨터단층촬영(이하 CT), 간 MRI, 양전자방출단층촬영/컴퓨터단층촬영 스캔(PET/CT), 뼈 스캔(bone scan) 등과 비교하여 알아보고자 한다.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This work was supprted by the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund and the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2018R1C1B5041484).

References

  1. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 2018;68:394-424
  2. Ghoncheh M, Pournamdar Z, Salehiniya H. Incidence and mortality and epidemiology of breast cancer in the world. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016;17:43-46
  3. Leithner D, Wengert GJ, Helbich TH, Thakur S, Ochoa-Albiztegui RE, Morris EA, et al. Clinical role of breast MRI now and going forward. Clin Radiol 2018;73:700-714
  4. Gao Y, Ibidapo O, Toth HK, Moy L. Delineating extramammary findings at breast MR imaging. Radiographics 2017;37:10-31
  5. Yang SM, Kim SH, Kang BJ, Song BJ. Extramammary findings on breast MRI: prevalence and imaging characteristics favoring malignancy detection: a retrospective analysis. World J Surg Oncol 2016;14:119
  6. Bassett LW, Dhaliwal SG, Eradat J, Khan O, Farria DF, Brenner RJ, et al. National trends and practices in breast MRI. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2008;191:332-339
  7. Yun BL, Kim SM, Jang M, Kang BJ, Cho N, Kim SH, et al. Current practices in breast magnetic resonance imaging: a survey involving the Korean Society of Breast Imaging. Investig Magn Reson Imaging 2017;21:233-241
  8. Suh HJ, Choi JS, Ko K. Extra-mammary findings detected on breast magnetic resonance imaging: a pictorial essay. Korean J Radiol 2014;15:423-429
  9. Laurent F, Latrabe V, Lecesne R, Zennaro H, Airaud JY, Rauturier JF, et al. Mediastinal masses: diagnostic approach. Eur Radiol 1998;8:1148-1159
  10. Alduk AM, Prutki M, Stern-Padovan R. Incidental extra-mammary findings in breast MRI. Clin Radiol 2015;70:523-527
  11. Brakohiapa EKK, Botwe BO, Sarkodie BD, Ofori EK, Coleman J. Radiographic determination of cardiomegaly using cardiothoracic ratio and transverse cardiac diameter: can one size fit all? Part one. Pan Afr Med J 2017;27:201
  12. Alghamdi SS, Abdelaziz I, Albadri M, Alyanbaawi S, Aljondi R, Tajaldeen A. Study of cardiomegaly using chest x-ray. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 2020;13:460-467
  13. Choi Y, Chung SB, Kim MS. Prevalence and anatomy of aberrant right subclavian artery evaluated by computed tomographic angiography at a single institution in Korea. J Korean Neurosurg Soc 2019;62:175-182
  14. Chang EY, Johnson W, Karamlou K, Khaki A, Komanapalli C, Walts D, et al. The evaluation and treatment implications of isolated pulmonary nodules in patients with a recent history of breast cancer. Am J Surg 2006;191:641-645
  15. Casey JJ, Stempel BG, Scanlon EF, Fry WA. The solitary pulmonary nodule in the patient with breast cancer. Surgery 1984;96:801-805
  16. Rinaldi P, Costantini M, Belli P, Giuliani M, Bufi E, Fubelli R, et al. Extra-mammary findings in breast MRI. Eur Radiol 2011;21:2268-2276
  17. Iodice D, Di Donato O, Liccardo I, Lamanna L, Segreto S, Salvatore M, et al. Prevalence of extramammary findings on breast MRI: a large retrospective single-centre study. Radiol Med 2013;118:1109-1118
  18. Selzner M, Morse MA, Vredenburgh JJ, Meyers WC, Clavien PA. Liver metastases from breast cancer: longterm survival after curative resection. Surgery 2000;127:383-389
  19. Howell SJ, Hockenhull K, Salih Z, Evans DG. Increased risk of breast cancer in neurofibromatosis type 1: current insights. Breast Cancer (Dove Med Press) 2017;9:531-536
  20. Ferner RE, Huson SM, Thomas N, Moss C, Willshaw H, Evans DG, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of individuals with neurofibromatosis 1. J Med Genet 2007;44:81-88
  21. Abid I, Ewais MM, Marranca J, Jaroszewski DE. Pectus excavatum: a review of diagnosis and current treatment options. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2017;117:106-113
  22. Morakkabati-Spitz N, Sondermann E, Schmiedel A, Leutner C, Riehm K, Schmutzler R, et al. Prevalence and type of incidental extramammary findings in MRI of the breast. Rofo 2003;175:199-202