Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition

The Korean Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (대한소아소화기영양학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Pediatrician Awareness of Infant Dyschezia in Indonesia

  • Muzal Kadim (Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital) ;
  • Ucha Merendar Putri (Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital) ;
  • Hartono Gunardi (Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital) ;
  • HF Wulandari (Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital) ;
  • Pustika Amalia Wahidiyat (Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital) ;
  • Sudung O Pardede (Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital) ;
  • Wahyuni Indawati (Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital)
  • Received : 2022.11.14
  • Accepted : 2023.01.27
  • Published : 2023.03.15
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of infant dyschezia as well as pediatrician awareness regarding this disease in Indonesia. Methods: This is a two-part cross-sectional study, which was divided into study A and B. Study A: Parents whose infants were under 9 months old and attended well-baby clinics were recruited at two randomly selected primary health centers. Parents also provided information on the infant's previous medical history, and socio-demographic and family details. The Rome IV criteria was translated and validated to be used for diagnosis of infant dyschezia. Study B: Randomly selected pediatricians were surveyed by using a questionnaire to evaluate their knowledge regarding infant dyschezia. Results: The prevalence of infant dyschezia based on the result of this study was 11.8%. Three risk factors had a significant relationship with infant dyschezia i.e., the number of children in the family (odds ratio [OR], 5.619; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.194-14.390; p<0.001), complementary food diet (OR, 4.238; 95% CI, 1.902-9.443; p<0.001), and social-emotional disturbance (OR, 5.670; 95% CI, 2.550-12.609; p<0.001). The percentage of pediatricians correctly diagnosed infant dyschezia was 71.5%. Most pediatricians agreed that they did not perform any diagnostic testing (79.7%) and only provided education in cases of infant dyschezia (58.5%). Conclusion: The prevalence of infant dyschezia identified in our study was higher than that in other neighboring Asian countries, with the highest prevalence observed in infants 7-9 months old. Being an only child, receiving complementary food diet, and sociao-emotional disturbances were significant risk factors of infant dyschezia.

Keywords

References

  1. Rasquin A, Di Lorenzo C, Forbes D, Guiraldes E, Hyams JS, Staiano A, et al. Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders: child/adolescent. Gastroenterology 2006;130:1527-37.  https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2005.08.063
  2. Vandenplas Y, Abkari A, Bellaiche M, Benninga M, Chouraqui JP, Cokura F, et al. Prevalence and health outcomes of functional gastrointestinal symptoms in infants from birth to 12 months of age. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2015;61:531-7. Erratum in: J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2016;62:516. 
  3. Rouster AS, Karpinski AC, Silver D, Monagas J, Hyman PE. Functional gastrointestinal disorders dominate pediatric gastroenterology outpatient practice. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2016;62:847-51.  https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000001023
  4. Dhroove G, Chogle A, Saps M. A million-dollar work-up for abdominal pain: is it worth it? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2010;51:579-83.  https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181de0639
  5. Chew KS, Em JM, Koay ZL, Jalaludin MY, Ng RT, Lum LCS, et al. Low prevalence of infantile functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) in a multi-ethnic Asian population. Pediatr Neonatol 2021;62:49-54.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedneo.2020.08.009
  6. Chia LW, Nguyen TVH, Phan VN, Luu TTN, Nguyen GK, Tan SY, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of functional gastrointestinal disorders in Vietnamese infants and young children. BMC Pediatr 2022;22:315. 
  7. Puspitasari R, Gatcheco F. Prevalence and clinical profile of infant dyschezia among patients seen in selected health facilities in Metro Manila. J Gastrointest Dig Syst 2016;6 (3 Suppl):56. 
  8. van Tilburg MA, Hyman PE, Walker L, Rouster A, Palsson OS, Kim SM, et al. Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants and toddlers. J Pediatr 2015;166:684-9.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2014.11.039
  9. Chogle A, Velasco-Benitez CA, Chanis R, Mejia M, Saps M. Multicountry cross-sectional study found that functional gastrointestinal disorders such as colic and functional dyschezia were common in South American infants. Acta Paediatr 2018;107:708-13.  https://doi.org/10.1111/apa.14196
  10. Chogle A, Velasco-Benitez CA, Koppen IJ, Moreno JE, Ramirez Hernandez CR, Saps M. A populationbased study on the epidemiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders in young children. J Pediatr 2016;179:139-43.e1.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.08.095
  11. Tehuteru E, Hegar B, Firmansyah A. Pola defekasi pada anak. Sari Pediatr 2001;3:129-33. Indonesian.  https://doi.org/10.14238/sp3.3.2001.129-33
  12. Uzun Cicek A, Gultekin K, Demirel G. Understanding the psycho-social differences between mothers of infants who do and do not have dyschezia. Konuralp Tip Derg 2020;12:503-10.  https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.761549
  13. Emanuel L. Holding on; being held; letting go: the relevance of Bion's thinking for psychoanalytic work with parents, infants and children under five. J Child Psychother 2012;38:268-83.  https://doi.org/10.1080/0075417X.2012.720101
  14. Andrea V, Hegar B. [Probiotics in functional gastrointestinal disorders]. Sari Pediatr 2018;20:185. Indonesian.