International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials

Korean Society of Sericultural Science (한국잠사학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Screening of mulberry varieties for larval growth, cocoon yield, and quality through silkworm rearing

  • Merlita A. Dacayanan (Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University, Sericulture Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Crestilyn N. Damasco (Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University, Sericulture Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Jarson P. Libunao (Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University, Sericulture Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Mario B. Sampaga (Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University, Sericulture Research and Development Institute) ;
  • Edna A. Galano (Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University, Sericulture Research and Development Institute)
  • Received : 2022.08.25
  • Accepted : 2023.02.09
  • Published : 2023.03.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

Mulberry (Morus spp.) production is a vital activity in sericulture along with rearing of silkworms (Bombyx mori L.) for silk production. The Sericulture Research and Development Institute (SRDI) conducted a study that evaluated 11 mulberry varieties, including nine newly-evolved mulberry hybrids and two check varieties. These mulberry varieties were fed to silkworm hybrid, DMMMSU 115 x 100. The rearing performance of DMMMSU 115 x 100 was determined based on the silkworm economic traits such as weight of 10 matured larvae, cocoon weight, shell weight, shell percentage, cocoon yield, reelability percentage, filament length and filament size. Six silkworm rearing trials were conducted with 50 silkworm larvae per treatment in three replicates. The data were analyzed in a one-way Analysis of Variance. Significant differences were tested further using Tukey's Honest Significant Difference. Mulberry varieties that garnered an evaluation index value of higher than 50 were identified and selected. Results of the study revealed significant variations among the mulberry varieties based on the parameters gathered except on the reelability of cocoons, filament length and size. Matured silkworm larvae fed with Alf 55 were significantly heavier and higher cocoon yield compared to those fed with Alfonso and S54. Alf 32, Alf 55, Alf 58, Bat 37 and Bat 73 were identified as potential varieties and highly recommended as feed for the silkworm hybrid, DMMMSU 115 x DMMMSU 100.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

The researchers wish to extend their heartfelt gratitude to the Don Mariano Marcos Memorial State University (DMMMSU), for the financial support in the implementation of this research endeavor. Likewise, to the Sericulture Research and Development Institute for providing the necessary resources and materials for silkworm rearing and data gathering.

References

  1. Alipanah M, Abdolazim ZN, Sarjamei F (2020) Nutritional effects of three mulberry varieties on silkworms in Torbat Heydarieh. Psyche: J Entomol 2020, 6983427.
  2. Ashfaq M, Kashif M, Nadeem S (2001) Impact of mulberry varieties and various alternate hosts on the development of Bombyx mori L. and silk yield. South Pacific Study 21, 61-64.
  3. Bahar MH, Parvez AM, Islam R (2011) Performance of polyvoltine silkworm Bombyx mori L. on different mulberry plant varieties. Entomol Res 41, 46-52. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-5967.2011.00316.x
  4. Bose BC (1989) Evaluation of mulberry leaf quality by chemical analysis. In genetic resources of mulberry and utilization. Jwalamukhi Job Press, Bangalore
  5. Caccam M, Mendoza TC (2012) Cocoon yield and quality of silkworm fed with leaves harvested from mulberry grown under conventional, LEISA, and organic agro-ecosystem manipulations. Philipp Scient 49, 68-96.
  6. Chundang P, Thongprajukaew K, Kovitvadhi U, Chotimanothum B, Kovitvadhi A, Pakkong P (2020) Improving the nutritive value of mulberry leaves, Morus spp. (Rosales: Moraceae) for silkworm larvae, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) using gamma irradiation. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 13, 629-641. https://doi.org/10.1080/16878507.2020.1820268
  7. Dandin SB, Giridhar K (2014) Handbook of sericulture technologies. M/s Creative Graphics, Sultanpet, pp.183-190, Bangalore.
  8. FAO (1999) Silk reeling and testing manual. Agric Serv 136, 65-75.
  9. Ghosh J, Senapati SK, Baral K (2000) Performance of mulberry varieties on bivoltine silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) with reference to teral ecological conditions of West Bengal. Indian J Agric Res 34, 141-146.
  10. Horie Y (1995). Recent advances of nutritional physiology and artificial diet of the silkworm in Japan. Korean J Seric Sci 37, 235-243.
  11. Kumar VR, Kumar D, Pher R (2014) Varietal influence of mulberry on silkworm, Bombyx mori L. growth and development. Int J Adv Res 2, 921-927.
  12. Kumar H, Satyapriya Y, Kumar M, Elangovan V (2013) Effect of different mulberry varieties and seasons on growth and economic traits of bivoltine silkworm (Bombyx mori). J Entomol 3,147-155. https://doi.org/10.3923/je.2013.147.155
  13. Machii K, Katagiri K (1991) Varietal differences in nutritive value of mulberry leaves for rearing of silkworms. Jpn Agric Res Q 25, 202-208.
  14. Mahadeva A, Shree MP (2015) Evaluation of macro and micro nutritive elemental levels in the mealy-bug (Maconellicoccus hirsutus)- infested leaves of mulberry (Morus spp.). J Plt Nut 38, 96-107. https://doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2014.920381
  15. Mano Y, Nirmalkumar SN, Bhargava HK, Malreedy NM, Datta RK (1993) A new method to select promising silkworm breeds/hybrid combinations. Indian Silk 31, 53-59.
  16. Nagaraju J (2002) Application of genetic principles in improving silk production. Curr Sci 83, 409-415.
  17. Pakhale SG, Bothikar PA, Lande UL, Shendage SA (2014) Evaluation of some mulberry varieties for rearing performance and economic traits of silkworm (Bombyx mori L). J Env Sci Tox Food Tech 12, 63-65. https://doi.org/10.9790/2402-081226365
  18. Pandit RK, Bali RK, Koul A (2006) Evaluation index: A tool for evaluating mulberry genotypes. J Res SKUAST-J 5, 186-190.
  19. Paul DC, Subba R, G. Deb DC (1992) Impact of dietary moisture on nutritional indices and growth of Bombyx mori L. and concomitant larval duration. J Insect Physiol 38, 229-235. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1910(92)90071-K
  20. Qader MA, Haque R, Absar N (1992) Nutritive effects of different types of mulberry leaves on larval growth and cocoon characteristics of Bombyx mori L. Pak J Zool 4, 341-345
  21. Radjabi R (2011) Nutritive quality assessment of two mulberry leaves including Kokosa and local on some biological parameters and economical characters of silkworm Bombyx mori L. Adv Environ Biol 7, 1877-1881.
  22. Rahmathulla VK, Mathur VB, Geetha Devi RG (2004) Growth and dietary efficiency of mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) under various nutritional and environmental stress conditions. Phil J Sci 1, 39-43.
  23. Raja VKS, Kumar SAM (2016) Influence of chlorella and scenedesmus algal extract on the economic traits of silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Int J Adv Res 4, 1521 - 1525. https://doi.org/10.21474/IJAR01/1649
  24. Ray N, Bhattacharya A, Senapati SK, Deb DC (1998) Selection of mulberry varieties (Morus sp.) based on yield, nutrition elements and its rearing upon biovoltine silkworm (Bombyx mori L) for larval traits. Environ Ecol 16, 91-94.
  25. Sajgotra M, Gupta V, Namgyal D (2018) Effect of mulberry varieties on commercial characters of bivoltine silkworm, Bombyx mori. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 7, 1087-1091.
  26. Saratchandra B, Rajanna L, Philomena KL, Paramesh C, Ramesh SP, Jayappa T, et al. (1992) An evaluation of elite mulberry varieties for good yield and quality through bioassay. Sericologia 32, 127-134.
  27. Sengupta K, Singh BD, Mustafi JC (1971) A study on the effect of time of harvest of mulberry leaf on silkworm cocoon crop and cocoon quality. Indian J Seric 1, 1-5.
  28. Seshagiri SV, Ramesha C, Rao CGP (2009) Genetic manifestation of hybrid vigor in cross breeds of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Int J Zool Res 5, 150-160. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijzr.2009.150.160
  29. Sudan K, Bukhari R, Murli S, Singh KV, Farman AS, Kour I, et al. (2020) Effect of moisture content and moisture retention capacity of five different elite mulberry varieties on chawki and late age rearing stages of silkworm during spring season under sub-tropical condition of Jammu (J&K). Ind Pure App Biosci 1, 274-292. https://doi.org/10.18782/2582-2845.7924
  30. Terefe M, Shifa K, Tilahun A, Ibrahim A, Biratu K, Bongale A (2020) Mulberry (Morus spp.) genotypes and their effect on mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae); in Livestock Research Results 2018. Feyissa F, Kassa F, Tesfaye G, Dejene M (eds.), pp. 401-409. Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa.
  31. Thangamani R, Vivekanandan M (1984) Physiological studies and leaf nutrient analysis in the evaluation of best mulberry varieties. Sericologia 24, 317-324.
  32. Tikader A, Kamble CK (2007) Evaluation of mulberry germplasm (Morus spp.) for leaf yield and quality through bioassay. Int J Indust Entomol 14, 87-92.
  33. Yogananda-Murthy VN, Ramesh HL, Munirajappa (2013a) Impact of feeding selected mulberry germplasm varieties on silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) through bioassay techniques for commercial exploitation. Asian J Nat App Sci 2, 56-64.
  34. Yogananda-Murthy VN, Ramesh HL, Lokesh G, Munirajappa, Yadav BRD (2013b) Assessment of six mulberry (Morus) germplasm varieties through moulting and bioassay parameters by using crossbreed silkworms Bombyx mori L. for commercial exploitation in Kolar, District, Karnataka, India. Int Res J Biol Sci 2, 69-75.