Earthquakes and Structures

Techno-Press (테크노프레스)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Earthquake induced structural pounding between adjacent buildings with unequal heights considering soil-structure interactions

  • Jingcai Zhang (School of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Nantong University) ;
  • Chunwei Zhang (Multidisciplinary Centre for Infrastructure Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology)
  • Received : 2022.11.15
  • Accepted : 2023.01.18
  • Published : 2023.03.25
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the coupled effect of SSI and pounding on dynamic responses of unequal height adjacent buildings with insufficiently separation distance subjected to seismic loading. Numerical investigations were conducted to evaluate effect of the pounding coupling SSI on a Reinforced Concrete Frame Structure system constructed on different soil fields. Adjacent buildings with unequal height, including a 9-storey and a 3-storey reinforced concrete structure, were considered in numerical studies. Pounding force response, time-history and root-mean-square (RMS) of displacement and acceleration with different types of soil and separations were presented. The numerical results indicate that insufficient separation could lead to collisions and generate severe pounding force which could result in acceleration and displacement amplifications. SSI has significant influence of the seismic response of the structures, and higher pounding force were induced by floors with stiffer soil. SSI is reasonable neglected for a structure with a dense soil foundation, whereas SSI should be taken into consideration for dynamic analysis, especially for soft soil base.

Keywords

Acknowledgement

This research is financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (Grant No. 2019YFE0112400), and the Department of Science and Technology of Shandong Province (Grant No. 2021CXGC011204).

References

  1. Ambiel, J.H.K., Brun, M., Thibon, A. and Gravouil, A. (2021), "Three-dimensional analysis of eccentric pounding between two-storey structures using explicit non-smooth dynamics", Eng. Struct., 251, 113385. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113385.
  2. Amiri, G., Shakouri, A., Veismoradi, S. and Namiranian P. (2017), "Effect of seismic pounding on buildings isolated by triple friction pendulum bearing", Earthq. Struct., 12(1), 35-45. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2017.12.1.035.
  3. Anagnostopoulos, S. (1998), "Pounding of buildings in series during earthquakes". Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn, 16(3), 443-456. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/eqe.4290160311.
  4. Anagnostopoulos, S. and Spiliopoulos, K. (1992), "An investigation of earthquake induced pounding between adjacent buildings", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 21(4), 289-302. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290210402.
  5. Bi, K., Hao, H. and Sun, Z. (2017), "3D FEM analysis of earthquake induced pounding responses between asymmetric buildings", Earthq. Struct., 13(4), 377-386. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2017.13.4.377.
  6. Brown, T. and Elshaer, A. (2022), "Pounding of structures at proximity: A state-of-the-art review", J. Build. Eng., 48, 103991. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.103991.
  7. Chen, X., Xiao, X., Bai, X. and Wu, Q. (2021), "Dimensional pounding response analysis for adjacent inelastic MDOF structures based on modified Kelvin model", Struct. Eng. Mech., 79(3), 347-358. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2021.79.3.347.
  8. Efraimiadou, S., Hatzigeorgiou, G. and Beskos, D. (2013), "Structural pounding between adjacent buildings subjected to strong ground motions. Part I: The effect of different structures arrangement", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 42(10), 1509-1528. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2285.
  9. Elwardany, H., Jankowski, R. and Seleemah, A. (2021), "Mitigating the seismic pounding of multi-story buildings in series using linear and nonlinear fluid viscous dampers", Arch. Civil Mech. Eng., 21(4), 137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s43452-021-00249-9.
  10. Elwardany, H., Mosa, B., Khedr, M.D.E. and Seleemah, A. (2022), "Effect of earthquake induced-pounding on the response of four adjacent buildings in series", Struct. Eng. Mech., 83(2), 153-166. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2022.83.2.153.
  11. Farghaly, A. and Kontoni, D. (2022), "Mitigation of seismic pounding between RC twin high-rise buildings with piled raft foundation considering SSI", Earthq. Struct., 22(6), 625-635. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2022.22.6.625.
  12. Gong, L. and Hao, H. (2005), "Analysis of coupled lateral-torsional-pounding responses of one-storey asymmetric adjacent structures subjected to bidirectional ground motions, Part I: Uniform ground motion input", Adv. Struct. Eng., 8(5), 463-479. https://doi.org/10.1260/136943305774858043.
  13. Hao, H. and Gong, L. (2005), "Analysis of coupled lateral-torsional-pounding responses of one-storey asymmetric adjacent structures subjected to bidirectional ground motions, Part II: Spatially varying ground motion input", Adv. Struct. Eng., 8(5), 481-496. https://doi.org/10.1260/136943305774857990.
  14. Jankowski, R. (2006), "Pounding force response spectrum under earthquake excitation", Eng. Struct., 28(8), 1149-1161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2005.12.005.
  15. Jankowski, R. (2008), "Earthquake-induced pounding between equal height buildings with substantially different dynamic properties", Eng. Struct., 30(10), 2818-2829. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.03.006.
  16. Jankowski, R. (2010), "Experimental study on earthquake-induced pounding between structural elements made of different building materials", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 39(3), 343-354. https://doi.org/ 10.1002/eqe.941.
  17. Jiang, S., Zhai, C. and Zhang, C. (2018), "Analysis of seismic mid-column pounding between low rise buildings with unequal heights", Earthq. Struct., 15(4), 395-402. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2018.15.4.395.
  18. Kamal, M. and Inel, M. (2022), "A new equation for prediction of seismic gap between adjacent buildings located on different soil types", J. Build. Eng., 57, 104784. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2022.104784.
  19. Kamal, M. and Inel, M. (2022), "Simplified approaches for estimation of required seismic separation distance between adjacent reinforced concrete buildings", Eng. Struct., 252, 113610. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113610.
  20. Karabork, T. and Aydin, E. (2019), "Optimum design of viscous dampers to prevent pounding of adjacent structures", Earthq. Struct., 16(4), 437-453. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.16.4.437.
  21. Kasai, K. and Maison, B., (1997) "Building pounding damage during the 1989 loma prieta earthquake", Eng. Struct., 19(3), 195-207. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(96)00082-X
  22. Lin, J. (2021), "Evaluation of critical separation distance to avoid seismic pounding between buildings: A spectral approach", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 50(11), 2863-2882. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3476.
  23. Loghmani, A., Mortezaei, A. and Hemmati, A. (2020), "A new equation based on PGA to provide sufficient separation distance between two irregular buildings in plan", Earthq. Struct., 18(5), 543-553. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2020.18.5.543.
  24. Madani, B., Behnamfar, F. and Riahi, H. (2015), "Dynamic response of structures subjected to pounding and structure-soil-structure interaction", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 78, 46-60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2015.07.002.
  25. Mahmoud, S. (2020), "Mitigation of seismic collision between adjacent structures using roof water tanks", Earthq. Struct., 18(2), 171-184. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2020.18.2.171.
  26. Mahmoud, S., Abd, A. and Jankowski, R. (2013), "Earthquake-induced pounding between equal height multi-storey buildings considering SSI", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 11(4), 1021-1048. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-012-9411-6.
  27. Mazza, F. and Labernarda, R. (2022), "Effects of near-fault acceleration and non-acceleration pulses on pounding between in-plan irregular fixed-base and base-isolated buildings", Struct. Control Health Monit., 29(9), e2992. https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2992.
  28. Miari, M. and Jankowski, R. (2022), "Analysis of pounding between adjacent buildings founded on different soil types", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 154, 107156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2022.107156.
  29. Miari, M. and Jankowski, R. (2022), "Shaking table experimental study on pounding between adjacent structures founded on different soil types", Struct., 44, 851-879. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2022.08.059.
  30. Naderpour, H., Barros, R., Khatami, S. and Jankowski, R. (2016), "Numerical study on pounding between two adjacent buildings under earthquake excitation", Shock Vib., 2016, 1-9. https://doi.org/ 10.1155/2016/1504783.
  31. Naeej, M. and Amiri, J. (2021), "Probabilistic analysis of structural pounding considering soil-structure interaction", Earthq. Struct., 22(3), 289-304. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2022.22.3.289.
  32. Raheem, S., Aal, E., AbdelShafy, A., Fahmy, M. and Mansour, M. (2020), "Pile-soil-structure interaction effect on structural response of piled jacket-supported offshore platform through in-place analysis", Earthq. Struct., 18(4), 407-421. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2020.18.4.407.
  33. Raheem, S., Alazrak, T., AbdelShafy, A., Ahmed, M. and Gamal, Y. (2021), "Seismic pounding between adjacent buildings considering soil-structure interaction", Earthq. Struct., 20(1), 55-70. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2021.20.1.55.
  34. Raheem, S., Alazrak, T., AbdelShafy, A., Ahmed, M. and Gamal, Y. (2019), "Seismic pounding effects on the adjacent symmetric buildings with eccentric alignment", Earthq. Struct., 16(6), 715-726. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.16.6.715.
  35. Raheem, S., Fooly, M., Shafy, A., Taha, A., Abbas, Y. and Latif, M. (2014), "Seismic pounding effects on adjacent buildings in series with different alignment configurations", Steel Compos. Struct., 28(3), 289-308. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2018.28.3.289.
  36. Raheem, S., Fooly, M., Shafy, A., Taha, A., Abbas, Y. and Latif, M. (2019), "Numerical simulation of potential seismic pounding among adjacent buildings in series", Bull. Earthq. Eng., 17(1), 439-471. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0455-0.
  37. Rahimi, S. and Soltani, M. (2022), "A probabilistic seismic demand model for required separation distance of adjacent structures", Earthq. Struct., 22(2), 147-155. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2022.22.2.147.
  38. Shakouri, A., Amiri, G., Miri, Z. and Lak, H. (2021), "Seismic poundings of multi-story buildings isolated by TFPB against moat walls", Earthq. Struct., 20(3), 295-307. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2021.20.3.295.
  39. Spyrakos, C., Koutromanos, I. and Maniatakis, C. (2009), "Seismic response of base-isolated buildings including soil-structure interaction", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 29(4), 658-668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2008.07.002.
  40. Spyrakos, C., Maniatakis, C. and Koutromanos, I. (2009), "Soil-structure interaction effects on base-isolated buildings founded on soil stratum". Eng. Struct., 31(3), 729-737. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2008.10.012.
  41. Takewaki, I. (2005), "Bound of earthquake input energy to soil-structure interaction systems", Soil Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 25(7), 741-752. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2004.11.017.
  42. Taleshian, H., Roshan, A. and Amiri, J. (2021), "Seismic pounding mitigation of asymmetric-plan buildings by using viscoelastic links", Struct., 36, 189-214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2021.11.036.
  43. Xue, Q., Zhang, C. and He, J. (2017), "An updated analytical structural pounding force model based on viscoelasticity of materials", Shock Vib., 2016(3), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/2596923.
  44. Xue, Q., Zhang, J., He, J. and Zhang, C. (2017), "Seismic control performance for pounding tuned massed damper based on viscoelastic pounding force analytical method", J. Sound Vib., 411, 362-377. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2017.08.035.
  45. Zhai, C., Jiang, S. and Li, S. (2015), "Dimensional analysis of earthquake-induced pounding between adjacent inelastic MDOF buildings", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib., 14(2), 295-313. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-015-0024-3.
  46. Zhang, J., Zhang, C. and Xue, Q. (2022), "Insight into energy dissipation behavior of a SDOF structure controlled by the pounding tuned mass damper system", Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., 51(4), 958-973. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.3599.