Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education (한국과학교육학회지)

The Korean Association for Science Education (한국과학교육학회)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

An Analysis of Cases of Real-time Online Class Design by Pre-service Science Teachers

예비 과학 교사의 실시간 온라인 수업 설계 사례 분석

  • Received : 2023.11.30
  • Accepted : 2023.12.20
  • Published : 2023.12.31
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze cases of online class design by pre-service science teachers to identify the teaching strategies employed for online classes. For this purpose, the real-time online class lesson plans of 12 pre-service science teachers, who had experienced education utilizing online teaching tools for a semester, were collected and analyzed. The pre-service science teachers considered all the elements that were essential in traditional face-to-face class designs, including prerequisites, statements of learning objectives, stimulating motivation, teaching and learning methods, wrapping up, teacher-student interaction, and assessment. They devised teaching strategies that could overcome the limitations of online teaching and were not feasible in face-to-face classes for each element. Additionally, they were considering new instructional strategies tailored to the online teaching environment, such as creating a conducive environment for using online teaching tools and strategies related to checking the online teaching environment. However, for statements of learning objectives, stimulating motivation, and wrapping up, most of the pre-service science teachers predominantly utilized teaching strategies from traditional face-to-face classes, especially those involving the presentation of visual materials through online tools. Student-centered approaches were rarely implemented in stimulating motivation or wrapping up. These findings imply that one semester of exposure to the utilization of online teaching tools may be insufficient in teacher education. Thus, there is a need for a continuous and expanded educational program on the utilization of online teaching tools as part of pre-service teacher education.

본 연구는 예비 과학 교사가 설계한 온라인 수업 사례를 분석하여 예비 과학 교사가 온라인 수업을 위해 사용하는 교수전략을 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위해 한 학기 동안 온라인 수업 도구 활용 교육을 경험한 12명의 예비 과학 교사가 작성한 실시간 온라인 수업 교수학습과정안을 수집하여 분석하였다. 예비 과학 교사는 기존의 대면 수업 설계 시 필수적으로 고려하였던 선수학습 확인, 학습목표 제시, 학습동기 유발, 교수학습방법, 학습내용 정리, 교사-학생 상호작용, 학생 평가 등의 요소를 모두 고려하였으며, 이들 각 요소에서 온라인 수업의 한계를 극복하고 대면 수업에서 불가능했던 교수전략을 고안하였다. 또한 예비 과학 교사는 온라인 수업 도구를 원활하게 사용할 수 있는 환경 구축과 관련된 온라인 수업 환경 점검 관련 교수전략까지 고려하고 있었다. 다만 학습목표 제시, 학습동기 유발, 학습내용 정리는 대부분의 예비 과학 교사가 시청각 자료 제시 방식의 온라인 수업 도구를 활용한 기존의 대면 수업의 교수전략을 주로 활용하고 있으며, 학습동기 유발과 학습내용 정리에서 학생 중심의 접근의 교수전략을 매우 드물게 구현하였다. 이러한 결과는 한 학기 동안의 온라인 수업 도구 활용 교육은 부족하며, 예비 교사 교육에서 온라인 수업 도구 활용 교육의 지속적인 운영과 확대가 필요함을 시사한다.

Keywords

References

  1. Aliyyah, R. R., Rachmadtullah, R., Samsudin, A., Syaodih, E., Nurtanto, M., & Tambunan, A. R. S. (2020). The perceptions of primary school teachers of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic period: A case study in Indonesia. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 7(2), 90-109.
  2. Babincakova, M., & Bernard, P. (2020). Online experimentation during COVID-19 secondary school closures: Teaching methods and student perceptions. Journal of Chemical Education, 97(9), 3295-3300. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.0c00748
  3. Che, H., & Lee, D. (2020). Exploring secondary teacher's experience of distance learning due to COVID-19. The Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction, 20(16), 1047-1071.
  4. Choi, K. J., Park, S. H., & Cho, S. (2021). Exploring the educational meaning of teaching practicum under the COVID-19 pandemic. The Journal of Korean Teacher Education, 38(3), 195-220.
  5. Coman, C., Tiru, L. G., Mesesan-Schmitz, L., Stanciu, C., & Bularca, M. C. (2020). Online teaching and learning in higher education during the coronavirus pandemic: Students' perspective. Sustainability, 12(24), 10367.
  6. Do, J., Kim, S., & Moon, J. (2020). Exploring synchronous online course cases on secondary schools via semantic network analysis. Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, 6(3), 637-681.
  7. Han, H. J., & Shim, K. C. (2018). A study on the lesson planning ability of pre-service secondary school biology teachers. Biology Education, 46(4), 476-486. https://doi.org/10.15717/BIOEDU.2018.46.4.476
  8. Han, H. J., & Shim, K. C. (2021). A study on pre-service science teachers' perceptions of utilizing and educational programs about online teaching tools. Teacher Education Research, 60(4), 629-640. https://doi.org/10.15812/TER.60.4.202112.629
  9. Han, H. J., & Shim, K. C. (2022). An analysis of curriculum ideologies of pre-service elementary and secondary school teachers. Teacher Education Research, 61(1), 119-136.
  10. Jung, J., Jang, Y., Ryu, M., Ko, H., Park, H., & Kwon, D. (2020). A study on the importance and performance analysis of elementary school teacher's roles on online teaching. The Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction, 20(22), 735-757.
  11. Jung, S. J., & Shin, Y. J. (2020). Analysis of the difficulties experienced by elementary school teachers due to the combination of online and offline classes in COVID-19. The Journal of Education, 40(3), 93-112.
  12. Jung, Y., & Ko, Y. (2021). Teaching through the eyes of elementary teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A phenomenological study. Teacher Education Research, 60(3), 463-478.
  13. Kang, M. A., & Nam, S. W. (2020). An exploratory study on-line class, a future education method: Based on FGI study on elementary school teachers in Seong-si. The Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction, 20(21), 89-116.
  14. Kim, C. (2021). Exploring the experience and educational meaning of preservice physical education teachers who participated in teaching practice in Covid-19. Korean Journal of Sport Pedagogy, 28(2), 49-72. https://doi.org/10.21812/kjsp.2021.4.28.2.49
  15. Kim, H. J. (2020). A study on the analysis of online class experiences of elementary school teachers followed by COVID-19. Journal of Learner-Centered Curriculum and Instruction, 20(20), 613-639. https://doi.org/10.22251/jlcci.2020.20.20.613
  16. Kim, H. R., & Choi, S. Y. (2020). Survey on teachers' perception and operational state for elementary science online remote classes. Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education, 39(4), 522-532.
  17. Kim, I., Ryu, S., Byun, H., & Seo, Y. (2020). Analysis of interaction experience through instructional digital imagination in non-face-to-face synchronous classes. Journal of Educational Technology, 36(3), 873-904. https://doi.org/10.17232/KSET.36.3.873
  18. Kim, S. U., Yang, I. H., & Lim, S. M. (2020). A study on status and perception of class operation by elementary school science specialized teachers in COVID-19 situation. Journal of Korean Society of Earth Science Education, 13(3), 317-329.
  19. Kim, S., Gu, M., Lee, S., & Kim, H. (2021). Online teaching demonstration experience of pre-service science teachers in COVID-19. Journal of Education & Culture, 27(6), 565-587.
  20. Koh, C. G. (2013). A study on the characteristics of 'good' instruction which elementary school teachers consider in lesson planning. The Journal of Human Studies, 31, 183-213.
  21. Konig, J., Jager-Biela, D. J., & Glutsch, N. (2020). Adapting to online teaching during COVID-19 school closure: Teacher education and teacher competence effects among early career teachers in Germany. European Journal of Teacher Education, 43(4), 608-622. https://doi.org/10.1080/02619768.2020.1809650
  22. Kwon, J. R., Kim, M. H., Lee, S. H., Ryu, K., Choi, J. S., Kang, H. S., & Shin, S. (2020). Exploring the current state and improvement directions of remote learning in elementary, middle, and high schools in response to COVID-19 [COVID-19 대응 온라인 개학에 따른 초, 중, 고등학교 원격수업 실태 및 개선 방향 탐색]. Chungbuk: Korea Institute of Curriculum & Evaluation.
  23. Kwon, S. (2020). Exploring the online class experience and perception of the elementary and secondary teachers in Corona era. Journal of Educational Technology, 36(3), 745-774.
  24. Kyung, M., Jin, Y., & Kim, K. (2021). Primary school teachers' thoughts and strategies for remote learning in COVID-19 situation. Korean Journal of Teacher Education, 37(1), 221-243. https://doi.org/10.14333/KJTE.2020.37.1.11
  25. Lee, S. (2020). A study on the online art education for pre-service elementary school teachers. The Journal of Korea Elementary Education, 31(2), 181-204.
  26. Lim, C., Kim, M., Park, J., Bae, Y., & Yeon, J. (2021). Instructional design strategies for synchronous online instruction in various college courses. Journal of Educational Technology, 37(2), 459-488. https://doi.org/10.17232/KSET.37.2.459
  27. Lim, I. R., Kim, J., Hwang, J. W., & Park, D. (2020). Exploring teaching strategies for the effective non-face-to-face lecture in college: Focusing on learner experience analysis. Journal of Educational Innovation Research, 30(4), 23-54.
  28. Oh, Y. (2020). Exploring teacher's distance instruction competencies through non face-to-face distance instruction case analysis: Based on synchronous distance instruction. Journal of Educational Technology, 36(3), 715-744. https://doi.org/10.17232/KSET.36.3.715
  29. Park, M. (2020). A study on the current situation and challenges of the educational gap in the Context of COVID-19: A case study of Gyeonggi province. Korean Journal of Sociology of Education, 30(4), 113-145. https://doi.org/10.32465/KSOCIO.2020.30.4.005
  30. Reimers, F., Schleicher, A., Saavedra, J., & Tuominen, S. (2020). Supporting the continuation of teaching and learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic. Oecd, 1(1), 1-38.
  31. Sareen, S., & Nangia, A. (2020). Online teaching during COVID 19: Attitude and challenges faced by school teacher. International Journal of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity, 11(1), 3012-3018.
  32. Shim, K. C., & Kim, H. M. (2010). Study on teaching behaviors of pre-service biology teachers in preconception investigating and motivating. Biology Education, 38(2), 309-318. https://doi.org/10.15717/BIOEDU.2010.38.2.309
  33. Teaching and Learning Services at McGill University. (2018). Educational Technologies to Support Teaching and Learning. Retrieved from https://www.mcgill.ca/tls/files/tls/ecosystem_august-2018.pdf