Advances in Computational Design

  • 제8권4호
  • /
  • Pages.295-307
  • /
  • 2023
  • /
  • 2383-8477(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2466-0523(eISSN)
테크노프레스 (Techno-Press)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

CO2 emissions optimization of reinforced concrete ribbed slab by hybrid metaheuristic optimization algorithm (IDEACO)

  • 투고 : 2023.07.10
  • 심사 : 2023.09.13
  • 발행 : 2023.10.25
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

This paper presents an optimization of the reinforced concrete ribbed slab in terms of minimum CO2 emissions and an economic justification of the final optimal design. The design variables are six geometry variables including the slab thickness, the ribs spacing, the rib width at the lower and toper end, the depth of the rib and the bar diameter of the reinforcement, and the seventh variable defines the concrete strength. The objective function is considered to be the minimum amount of carbon dioxide gas (CO2) emission and at the same time, the optimal design is economical. Seven significant design constraints of American Concrete Institute's Standard were considered. A robust metaheuristic optimization method called improved dolphin echolocation and ant colony optimization (IDEACO) has been used to obtain the best possible answer. At optimal design, the three most important sources of CO2 emissions include concrete, steel reinforcement, and formwork that the contribution of them are 63.72, 32.17, and 4.11 percent respectively. Formwork, concrete, steel reinforcement, and CO2 are the four most important sources of cost with contributions of 67.56, 19.49, 12.44, and 0.51 percent respectively. Results obtained by IDEACO show that cost and CO2 emissions are closely related, so the presented method is a practical solution that was able to reduce the cost and CO2 emissions simultaneously.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. ACI Committee 318 (2008), Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-08) and Commentary (318R-08), American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, Michigan.
  2. Arjmand, M., Sheikhi Azqandi, M. and Delavar, M. (2018), "Hybrid improved dolphin echolocation and ant colony optimization for optimal discrete sizing of truss structures", J. Rehabil. Civil Eng., 6(1), 70-87. https://doi.org/10.22075/jrce.2017.11367.1186.
  3. Bekdas, G., Cakiroglu, C., Kim, S. and Geem, Z.W. (2023), "Optimal dimensions of post-tensioned concrete cylindrical walls using harmony search and ensemble learning with SHAP", Sustainability, 15(10), 7890. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15107890.
  4. Bijari, S., Sheikhi Azqandi, M., (2022), "Optimal design of reinforced concrete one-way ribbed slabs using improved time evolutionary optimization", Int. J. Opt. Civil Eng., 12(2), 201-214.
  5. Cakiroglu, C., Islam, K., Bekdas, G., Kim, S. and Geem, Z.W. (2021), "CO2 emission optimization of concrete-filled steel tubular rectangular stub columns using metaheuristic algorithms", Sustainability, 13(19), 10981. https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910981.
  6. Camp, C.V. and Huq, F. (2013), "CO2 and cost optimization of reinforced concrete frames using a big bangbig crunch algorithm", Eng. Struct., 48, 363-372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.09.004.
  7. Catalonia Institute of Construction Technology (2016), BEDEC PR/PCT ITEC Material Database.
  8. Eleftheriadis, S., Duffour, P., Greening, P., James, J., Stephenson, B. and Mumovic, D. (2018), "Investigating relationships between cost and CO2 emissions in reinforced concrete structures using a BIM-based design optimisation approach", Energy Buildings, 166, 330-346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2018.01.059.
  9. Gartner, E. (2004), "Industrially interesting approaches to "low-CO2" cements", Cement Concr. Res., 34(9), 1489-1498. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2004.01.021.
  10. Ghoddosian, A. and Sheikhi Azqandi, M., (2013), Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithm in Engineering, Semnan University Press.
  11. Gonzalez, M.J. and Navarro, J.G. (2006), "Assessment of the decrease of CO2 emissions in the construction field through the selection of materials: Practical case study of three houses of low environmental impact", Build. Environ., 41(7), 902-909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.04.006.
  12. Gunay, U., Ulusoy, S., Bekdas, G. and Nigdeli, S.M. (2023), Optimum Design of Reinforced Concrete Columns in Case of Fire, In Hybrid Metaheuristics in Structural Engineering. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 480, Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34728-3_3.
  13. Kaveh, A. and Farhoudi, N., (2013), "A new optimization method: Dolphin echolocation." Adv. Eng. Softw., 59, 53-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advengsoft.2013.03.004.
  14. Kaveh, A. and Farhoudi, N., (2016), "Dolphin Echolocation Optimization: Continuous search space", Adv. Comput. Des., 1(2), 175-194. http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/acd.2016.1.2.175.
  15. Kaveh, A., Izadifard, R.A. and Mottaghi, L. (2020), "Optimal design of planar RC frames considering CO2 emissions using ECBO, EVPS and PSO metaheuristic algorithms", J. Build. Eng., 28, 101014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2019.101014.
  16. Kaveh, A., Mottaghi, L. and Izadifard, R.A. (2022), "Optimization of columns and bent caps of RC bridges for cost and CO2 emission", Periodica Polytechnica Civil Engineering, 66(2), 553-563. https://doi.org/10.3311/PPci.19413.
  17. Lowe, E.T. (2002), "A Status Report on Hunger and Homelessness in America's Cities, 2002: A 25-City Survey", Proceedings of the United States Conference of Mayors, December.
  18. Mehta, P.K. and Meryman, H. (2009), "Tools for reducing carbon emissions due to cement consumption", Structure, 1(1), 11-15.
  19. Pachauari, R.K., Reisinger, A., and Editors (Core writing team). Climate change (2007), "Intergovernmental panel on climate change", Synthesis report, Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fourth Assessment Report on Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Geneva, Switzerland, 104.
  20. Paya, J., Monzo, J. and Borrachero, M.V. (2001), "Physical, chemical and mechanical properties of fluid catalytic cracking catalyst residue (FC3R) blended cements", Cement Concr. Res., 31(1), 57-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0008-8846(00)00432-4.
  21. Paya-Zaforteza, I., Yepes, V., Hospitaler, A. and Gonzalez-Vidosa, F. (2009), "CO2-optimization of reinforced concrete frames by simulated annealing", Eng. Struct., 31(7), 1501-1508. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2009.02.034.
  22. Sheikhi Azqandi, M., (2021), "A novel hybrid genetic modified colliding bodies optimization for designing of composite laminates", Mech. Adv. Compos. Struct., 8, 203-212. https://doi.org/10.22075/macs.2020.20281.1254.
  23. Singh, A. (2004). "High quality, low cost, architecturally flexible, and quick turnaround mass housing for the world's billions", In Proceedings of International Conference Advances in Concrete and Construction, December.
  24. Socha, K. and Dorigo, M., (2008), "Ant colony optimization for continuous domains", Eur. J. Operat. Res., 185, 1155-1173. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2006.06.046.
  25. Worrell, E., Price, L., Martin, N., Hendriks, C. and Meida, L.O. (2001), "Carbon dioxide emissions from the global cement industry", Annual Rev. Energy Environ., 26(1), 303-329. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.energy.26.1.303
  26. Yang, L., Zmeureanu, R. and Rivard, H. (2008), "Comparison of environmental impacts of two residential heating systems", Build. Environ., 43(6), 1072-1081. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2007.02.007.
  27. Yepes-Bellver, L., Brun-Izquierdo, A., Alcala, J. and Yepes, V. (2022), "CO2-optimization of post-tensioned concrete slab-bridge decks using surrogate modeling", Materials, 15(14), 4776. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15144776.