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선박자동접안 프로그램 개념설계에 관한 연구

A Study on the Concept Design of Automatic Vessel Berthing Program

  • 투고 : 2023.10.24
  • 심사 : 2023.12.29
  • 발행 : 2023.12.31

초록

자율운항선박이 부두 근처에 도착하여 예선이나 도선사의 도움 없이 선박을 자동으로 접·이안하기 위해서는 부두를 인식하고 주어진 외력 조건에서 부두까지 정해진 접안속도로 접안하기 위한 스러스터 출력과 출력각을 산정해야 한다. 이에 본 연구에서는 선박이 접안 중에 작용하는 외력과 모멘트를 분석하고 자동접안을 위한 스러스터의 출력 계산과 자동접안 프로그램 개발을 위한 기본개념을 설계하였다. 선박이 접안 중 바람에 의해 선체에 작용하는 풍압력은 풍압면적을 기초로 선형과 풍향각에 따라 계산하였으며, 선체에 작용하는 유압력은 조류에 의한 유압력과 접안속도에 따른 유압력을 분리하여 계산하였다. 그리고 선박의 횡방향 힘에 따라 선박을 회전시키는 회두모멘트를 계산하였다. 접안 중 선박에 작용하는 힘과 회두모멘트를 고려하여 부두와 평행하게 접안하기 위한 스러스터 출력과 출력각을 계산할 수 있는 이론식을 제시하고 다른 변수들로 인한 회두를 PID 제어기로 제어하였다. 또한, 이론식에 필요한 입력요소를 분석하여 프로그램 개발을 위한 기본개념을 제시하였다.

In order for an autonomous ship to arrive near the pier and automatically berth without the help of a tugboat or pilot, it is necessary to recognize the pier and calculate the thruster output and output angle for berthing to the pier at a fixed berthing speed under given external force conditions. Therefore, in this study, the external force and moment acting on the ship while berthing were analyzed, and the thruster output calculation for automatic berthing was designed and the basic concept for the development of the automatic berthing program was designed. The wind pressure applied to the hull by the wind while the ship is berthing was calculated based on the wind pressure area and the wind direction angle and the turning moment to rotate the ship according to the transverse force of the ship was calculated. Considering the force acting on the ship and the turning moment during berthing, a theoretical formula was presented to calculate the thruster output and output angle for berthing parallel to the pier, and the turning due to other variables was controlled by the PID controller. In addition, the basic concept for program development was presented by analyzing the input elements necessary for the theoretical formula.

키워드

참고문헌

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